What is the difference between INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN in SQL?
- Only returns matched rows from both tables
- Returns all rows from both tables
- Returns all rows from the left table
- Returns all rows from the right table
INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN are both SQL join clauses used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them. INNER JOIN returns only the matched rows from both tables, while LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table.
The command "git ___________" is used to create a new branch in Git.
- branch
- init
- create
- new
The correct option is "branch." The command "git branch" is used to create a new branch in Git. This is a fundamental operation in Git for branching and managing different versions of a project. When you run "git branch" followed by the branch name, Git creates a new branch based on the current state of the repository.
What is the main drawback of the First Come First Serve (FCFS) scheduling algorithm?
- Convoy Effect
- High Average Waiting Time
- Low Throughput
- Starvation
The main drawback of FCFS is the High Average Waiting Time, as processes are executed in the order they arrive, leading to longer waiting times, especially for processes with shorter execution times but arrive later.
You're leading a project where requirements are likely to evolve over time. Which SDLC model would you recommend, and why?
- Agile
- RAD (Rapid Application Development)
- Spiral
- Waterfall
Agile is recommended for projects with evolving requirements due to its iterative and incremental approach. It allows for flexibility, constant feedback, and adaptation to changing needs, making it ideal for dynamic projects where requirements may evolve during development. Waterfall is a sequential model and may not be suitable as changes late in the process can be costly and time-consuming. Spiral and RAD also offer iterative approaches but are less suited for continuous requirement changes compared to Agile.
Which CSS property is used to change the background color of an element?
- background
- background-color
- color
- text-color
The CSS property used to change the background color of an element is background-color. This property specifies the background color of an element and can be set using color names, HEX codes, RGB values, or RGBA values, allowing for a wide range of color customization.
Imagine you're building a microservices architecture where multiple services need to communicate via RESTful APIs. How would you ensure consistency and reliability in this distributed system?
- Implement idempotency in API operations to ensure that requests can be safely retried without unintended side effects.
- Implement synchronous communication between services for real-time consistency.
- Use distributed transactions across services to maintain consistency in data changes.
- Utilize a message broker such as Kafka or RabbitMQ for asynchronous communication and eventual consistency across services.
Using a message broker for asynchronous communication ensures reliability by decoupling services and enabling eventual consistency. It also helps in handling peaks in traffic and reducing dependencies, enhancing the overall reliability of the microservices architecture.
The Agile practice of breaking work into small, manageable increments is known as ___________.
- Adaptive Development
- Incremental Development
- Iterative Development
- Waterfall Development
Incremental Development is a key Agile practice where work is divided into small, manageable parts called increments. These increments are completed iteratively, allowing for continuous feedback and improvement throughout the development process.
SMTP is used for ___________ emails.
- Both sending and receiving
- Forwarding
- Receiving
- Sending
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is primarily used for sending emails from a client to a server or between servers. It handles the process of sending the message and ensures it reaches the recipient's email server. While email clients can also receive emails using protocols like POP3 or IMAP, SMTP's main function is sending.
The ___________ property in binary search trees ensures that for every node, all nodes in its left subtree have keys less than its own, and all nodes in its right subtree have keys greater than its own.
- Balance
- Depth
- Order
- Search
The property in binary search trees that ensures all nodes in the left subtree have keys less than the node's own key, and all nodes in the right subtree have keys greater than the node's key is known as the order property. This property is fundamental to the functioning of binary search trees as it enables efficient searching by narrowing down the search space at each step based on the comparison of keys.
How does Git handle merge conflicts, and how can they be resolved?
- Automatically resolves conflicts
- Ignoring conflicts
- Manual resolution by the user
- Reverting to a previous commit
Git handles merge conflicts by marking them in the code and prompting the user for manual resolution. This involves reviewing the conflicting changes, choosing the correct versions, and then committing the resolved files back into the repository.