To add a new record to a table in SQL, you would use the ___________ statement.
- ADD
- INSERT INTO
- CREATE
- UPDATE
The correct option is "INSERT INTO." The INSERT INTO statement in SQL is used to add a new record or row to an existing table. It allows you to specify the columns and their corresponding values for the new record.
___________ is a security vulnerability that occurs when an application fails to properly validate or sanitize input from the user.
- Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
- Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR)
- SQL Injection
- Unvalidated Input
Unvalidated input is a security vulnerability where an application does not properly validate or sanitize user input before processing it. This can lead to various attacks such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and command injection. Proper input validation and sanitization are essential to prevent such vulnerabilities and protect the application from malicious exploitation.
What is the correct syntax for declaring a variable in JavaScript?
- var myVariable = 10;
- let myVariable = 10;
- const myVariable = 10;
- myVariable = 10;
In JavaScript, variables can be declared using the var, let, or const keywords. Option 2 shows the correct syntax using the let keyword, which is commonly used for variable declaration in modern JavaScript.
In an e-commerce application, you need to implement an endpoint for searching products based on various criteria. How would you design this search functionality using RESTful principles?
- Create separate endpoints for different search criteria, such as /products/category/{category} and /products/price/{range}.
- Implement a single endpoint that accepts a JSON payload with search criteria to maintain a clean URL structure.
- Use query parameters in the endpoint URL to specify search criteria such as category, price range, and keyword.
- Utilize a combination of query parameters and request body for search criteria to handle complex searches efficiently.
Using query parameters in the URL allows for flexible and straightforward searching by directly specifying criteria. It also aligns with RESTful principles by leveraging HTTP's built-in mechanisms for passing parameters, making the API intuitive and easy to use.
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and its successor ________ are cryptographic protocols that provide communication security over a computer network.
- FTPS
- HTTPS
- SSH
- TLS
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and its successor Transport Layer Security (TLS) are protocols that establish encrypted connections between a web server and a client, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity during transmission. TLS has largely replaced SSL due to its improved security features and support for newer cryptographic algorithms.
In Agile development, user stories are typically written in the format of "As a ___________, I want to ___________, so that ___________."
- Customer
- Product Owner
- Stakeholder
- Team
User stories in Agile development follow a specific format to ensure clarity and alignment with the project's objectives. The correct blank here is "Product Owner," as they represent the stakeholders and customers in defining the requirements and priorities of the product.
Explain the purpose of the ARP protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite.
- Encrypts data for secure transmission
- Establishes a secure connection between devices
- Provides a mapping between IP addresses and MAC addresses
- Routes packets between different networks
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is used to resolve network layer addresses (IPv4) into link layer addresses (MAC addresses). When a device wants to send data to another device on the same network, it needs to know the MAC address associated with the IP address of the recipient. ARP helps in this mapping process, ensuring efficient communication within the local network.
Explain the concept of covering indexes and how they optimize query performance.
- Including all columns in the index
- Reducing the number of indexes
- Reducing the number of rows scanned
- Storing only non-key columns
Covering indexes include all columns referenced in a query, reducing the need for database lookups and thus improving query performance. This is because the required data can be retrieved directly from the index without accessing the actual table, saving time and resources.
A new office building is being set up, and you need to plan the network infrastructure for efficient routing and switching. What factors would you consider in designing the network layout?
- Number of devices and users
- Bandwidth requirements and traffic patterns
- Physical layout of the building and cable infrastructure
- Security measures such as firewalls and access control policies
Option 2 focuses on bandwidth requirements and traffic patterns, which are crucial factors to consider in designing the network layout for efficient routing and switching in a new office building. Understanding the number of devices and users (Option 1) is important but may not directly address bandwidth needs. The physical layout (Option 3) and security measures (Option 4) are significant but are secondary considerations compared to bandwidth requirements for routing and switching efficiency.
Explain the role of MIME types in HTTP communication.
- Describes the content type of a resource
- Determines the location of a resource
- Specifies the encryption algorithm used for communication
- Specifies the size of a resource
MIME types in HTTP communication refer to identifiers that define the nature and format of a resource being transmitted. This includes information about the content type, such as text/html for HTML documents, image/jpeg for JPEG images, and application/json for JSON data. This information is crucial for web browsers and other clients to interpret and handle the received content correctly.