What advantage does fiber optic cabling have over other transmission media when it comes to data security?
- Easy Installation
- High Bandwidth
- Immunity to Eavesdropping
- Low Latency
Immunity to Eavesdropping - Fiber optic cables offer a high level of data security because they transmit data as light pulses, and it's extremely difficult to intercept these signals without disrupting the communication. Unlike other mediums where electromagnetic signals can be intercepted, fiber optic cables are more secure against eavesdropping.
In terms of error-checking and acknowledgment, which protocol offers a built-in mechanism to ensure data integrity?
- HTTP
- IP
- TCP
- UDP
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) offers a built-in mechanism for ensuring data integrity. It does this by using techniques such as error-checking and acknowledgments to confirm that data is received correctly. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data delivery.
Which type of network is optimal for connecting multiple devices within a single room, ensuring minimal latency and maximum data transfer speeds?
- LAN
- MAN
- PAN
- SAN
LAN (Local Area Network) is optimal for connecting multiple devices within a single room or a confined space. LANs are designed for high-speed data transfer with minimal latency, making them suitable for connecting devices in homes, offices, or campuses.
When an error is detected using the Hamming code, what additional feature does it offer compared to other methods?
- Compression
- Data encryption
- Error correction
- Scalability
The Hamming code not only detects errors in transmitted data but also corrects them. It's an error-correcting code that adds extra bits to the data to allow the receiver to identify and fix errors. This is a significant advantage over some other error detection methods like CRC, which can only detect errors but not correct them.
In the context of the sliding window protocol, what does the "window" refer to?
- The frame synchronization mechanism
- The number of bits in the data frame
- The range of sequence numbers of the frames that can be sent without acknowledgment
- The time it takes for a frame to traverse the network
The "window" in the sliding window protocol refers to the range of sequence numbers of the frames that can be sent by the sender before requiring acknowledgment. This allows for efficient flow control and ensures that the sender does not overwhelm the receiver.
Which IP addressing version uses 32-bit addresses, resulting in approximately 4.3 billion unique addresses?
- IPv10
- IPv4
- IPv6
- IPv8
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) uses 32-bit addresses, allowing for about 4.3 billion unique addresses. Each address is represented in dotted decimal format, such as 192.168.1.1.
Real-time applications like VoIP often prefer ________ due to its speed, even at the risk of some data loss.
- IP
- SMTP
- TCP
- UDP
Real-time applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP) prefer UDP (User Datagram Protocol) due to its speed and low overhead. UDP is a connectionless protocol that offers fast data transmission, making it suitable for applications where a small amount of data loss can be tolerated.
During a file transfer between two systems, a brief network outage occurs. When the connection is restored, the file transfer resumes without any data loss. Which transport layer feature ensures this seamless recovery?
- Congestion Control
- Connection-Oriented Communication
- Error Detection
- Flow Control
Connection-Oriented Communication is a feature of the transport layer, particularly in protocols like TCP. It ensures that data is reliably transmitted, and in the event of network disruptions or outages, the connection can be reestablished, and the file transfer can resume without data loss.
When considering durability and resistance to external damages, which transmission medium is often seen as the most robust?
- Coaxial Cable
- Fiber Optic Cable
- Twisted Pair Cable
- Wireless
Fiber Optic Cable is considered the most robust transmission medium. It uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit data as pulses of light, making it immune to electromagnetic interference and highly durable, making it suitable for harsh environments.
A CIDR notation of /16 in an IPv4 address means that the first _______ bits are used for the network prefix.
- 16
- 24
- 32
- 8
A CIDR notation of /16 in an IPv4 address means that the first 16 bits are used for the network prefix. This notation is used to represent the subnet mask and the network prefix in IPv4 addresses.