A company wants to set up a network where each computer is connected to every other computer, allowing for maximum redundancy. Their primary concern is that the network should not fail if any single connection is broken. Which topology should they consider?
- Bus
- Mesh
- Ring
- Star
The Mesh topology is ideal for maximum redundancy and fault tolerance. In a Mesh network, every device is connected to every other device, which ensures that even if one connection is broken, data can still flow through alternative paths.
A company is sharing sensitive files with another organization. They want to ensure the data is encrypted during transfer. While they have traditionally used FTP, they now need a more secure version. What should they consider?
- FTPS
- HTTP
- SFTP
- TFTP
The company should consider SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol). SFTP is a secure version of FTP that encrypts data during transfer. It uses SSH (Secure Shell) for secure authentication and data encryption, making it suitable for transferring sensitive files over the network.
Which Ethernet standard introduced 100 Gigabit per second speeds?
- 1000Base-T
- 100Base-T
- 100GBase-T
- 10GBase-T
The 100GBase-T Ethernet standard introduced 100 Gigabit per second speeds over twisted-pair copper cables, making it a significant advancement in high-speed networking.
How does the Stop-and-Wait protocol handle lost frames or acknowledgments?
- It automatically resends lost frames
- It ignores lost frames and continues transmitting
- It retransmits the lost frame or waits for a timeout and then retransmits
- It waits indefinitely for lost acknowledgments
The Stop-and-Wait protocol handles lost frames or acknowledgments by retransmitting the lost frame or waiting for a timeout before retransmitting. This ensures that the receiver eventually receives the frame, preventing data loss.
What is the primary purpose of protocols in computer networking?
- To ensure data security
- To provide physical network infrastructure
- To facilitate communication between devices
- To display web pages
The primary purpose of protocols in computer networking is to facilitate communication between devices. Networking protocols define a set of rules and conventions that devices follow to communicate effectively on a network. These rules govern how data is formatted, transmitted, received, and processed across the network.
When a company wants to divide its IP address space into smaller, more manageable blocks, it is engaging in ___________.
- Port forwarding
- Subnetting
- Supernetting
- VLAN configuration
Subnetting is the process of dividing an IP address space into smaller, more manageable blocks, often called subnets. It is used to efficiently allocate IP addresses and improve network organization and management.
Which of the following is NOT a common error-handling technique used in the transport layer?
- Error Detection
- Flow Control
- Framing
- Retransmission
Framing is not typically considered a common error-handling technique in the transport layer. Error detection is used to identify and correct errors in transmitted data. Flow control helps manage the speed of data transmission, and retransmission handles the retransmission of lost or corrupted data.
Which protocol would be more suitable for streaming videos where occasional data loss is acceptable?
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- IP (Internet Protocol)
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is suitable for streaming videos where occasional data loss is acceptable. UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee data delivery, but it offers lower latency, making it ideal for real-time applications like video streaming.
What kind of message does the "ping" command primarily use to check the reachability of a network device?
- ARP Request
- ICMP Echo Request
- TCP SYN
- UDP Packet
The "ping" command primarily uses ICMP Echo Request messages to check the reachability of a network device. It sends these messages to the target device, which should respond with an ICMP Echo Reply if it's reachable.
A company wants to ensure that its internal servers are not directly accessible from the internet but can still initiate connections to external services. Which technology would best fit this requirement?
- Firewall
- VPN (Virtual Private Network)
- Proxy Server
- NAT (Network Address Translation)
In this scenario, the best technology to ensure that internal servers are not directly accessible from the internet while allowing them to initiate connections to external services is a Proxy Server. A Proxy Server acts as an intermediary, forwarding requests from internal clients to external services while masking the internal server's identity. It provides security and control over outgoing connections. Firewalls and VPNs are primarily used for different purposes, and NAT doesn't provide the necessary level of control.