Which email protocol provides functionalities like marking an email as read or unread and maintaining the same status across different devices?
- HTTP
- IMAP
- POP3
- SMTP
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) provides functionalities like marking an email as read or unread and maintaining the same status across different devices. It allows users to manage their email inboxes more efficiently, and any changes made to emails' status are reflected consistently, regardless of the device used to access the email account.
Which device is used to divide a large LAN into smaller segments and operates by filtering frames?
- Hub
- Modem
- Router
- Switch
A Switch is used to divide a large LAN into smaller segments and operates by filtering frames based on MAC addresses. It is primarily used for network segmentation and efficiently forwarding frames within a LAN, reducing collision domains.
The technique where multiple private IP addresses are mapped to a single public IP address but with different ports is known as _______.
- IP Address Translation
- Port Address Translation
- Subnetting
- VLAN
Port Address Translation (PAT) is a method used in NAT (Network Address Translation) to map multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address, differentiating them by port numbers. PAT is used to conserve public IP addresses in scenarios with limited address space.
If an application requires a lightweight transport protocol without the overhead of establishing and tearing down connections, which protocol should be considered?
- HTTP
- ICMP
- TCP
- UDP
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a lightweight transport protocol that doesn't involve the overhead of establishing and tearing down connections like TCP. It's suitable for applications that prioritize speed and simplicity over reliability, such as real-time streaming or online gaming.
How does a stateful firewall differ from a stateless firewall?
- Stateful firewall and Stateless firewall are the same.
- Stateful firewall filters packets based solely on static criteria like source and destination. Stateless firewall keeps track of the state of active connections.
- Stateful firewall keeps track of the state of active connections and makes decisions based on the context of the traffic. Stateless firewall filters packets based solely on static criteria like source and destination.
- Stateful firewall monitors traffic for malware, while Stateless firewall monitors traffic for suspicious behavior.
A stateful firewall is an advanced firewall that keeps track of the state of active connections, allowing it to make decisions based on the context of the traffic. It is more secure than a stateless firewall that filters packets based solely on static criteria like source and destination addresses.
A startup company in a city's tech hub has just expanded and now occupies two buildings across the street from each other. They want to ensure that their network is seamless across both buildings. What type of network should they consider?
- LAN
- MAN
- PAN
- WAN
They should consider a WAN (Wide Area Network). A WAN is designed to connect networks across a broad geographic area, which could include connecting multiple buildings in different locations, cities, or even countries. This is necessary for ensuring seamless communication between the two buildings.
Which network security system primarily focuses on detecting and alerting about potential threats, rather than actively blocking them?
- Antivirus Software
- Firewall
- IDS (Intrusion Detection System)
- IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)
An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a network security system that primarily focuses on detecting and alerting about potential threats and security breaches but does not actively block them. It monitors network traffic and system activities for suspicious behavior.
In which flow control method does the sender transmit a single frame and wait for an acknowledgment before sending the next frame?
- Go-Back-N
- Selective Repeat
- Sliding Window
- Stop-and-Wait
Stop-and-Wait is a flow control method where the sender transmits a single frame and waits for an acknowledgment before sending the next frame. It is a simple method but not very efficient as it has a high overhead due to frequent acknowledgments.
If a multinational corporation wanted to interconnect its offices across continents, which type of network would be most appropriate?
- LAN
- MAN
- PAN
- WAN
WAN (Wide Area Network) would be most appropriate for interconnecting offices across continents. WANs cover a vast geographic area, making them suitable for connecting networks in different cities, countries, and even continents. They provide the necessary infrastructure for global connectivity, such as the internet.
In which scenario would ARP poisoning be a concern for network administrators?
- When a router is upgraded
- When a server goes down temporarily
- When a switch is replaced
- When an attacker tries to impersonate another device by poisoning the ARP cache
ARP poisoning is a concern when an attacker tries to impersonate another device on the network by poisoning the ARP cache of the target device. This can lead to man-in-the-middle attacks, where the attacker intercepts and potentially alters network traffic. Network administrators need to be vigilant in detecting and preventing ARP poisoning attacks.