A tech company is designing a next-gen IoT product and expects each device to have a unique IP address. Considering the potentially vast number of devices, which IP addressing scheme would be most suitable?
- DHCP
- IPv4
- IPv6
- MAC
IPv6 is the most suitable IP addressing scheme for a next-gen IoT product where each device requires a unique IP address. IPv6's enormous address space can easily accommodate the potentially vast number of IoT devices, ensuring that each device has a unique address. IPv4 has limited address space and is not practical for large-scale IoT deployments. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) and MAC (Media Access Control) addresses are not IP addressing schemes but play a different role in networking.
In the context of IP addressing, what does CIDR notation, such as /24, represent?
- It designates the broadcast address for a given network.
- It indicates the total number of available IP addresses in a network.
- It signifies the number of routers in a network.
- It specifies the subnet mask to divide an IP address into network and host portions.
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation, like /24, represents the subnet mask that divides an IP address into network and host portions. In this example, /24 signifies that the first 24 bits of the address are dedicated to the network, and the remaining bits are for host addressing.
What function ensures that frames are only sent to the specific port associated with the destination MAC address in a switch?
- ARP Table
- IP Table
- MAC Table
- NAT Table
A switch maintains a MAC address table that associates MAC addresses with the physical ports on the switch. When a frame arrives, the switch looks up the destination MAC address in its MAC table and forwards the frame only to the port associated with that MAC address.
What process converts digital data into analog signals suitable for transmission over analog mediums?
- Decoding
- Demodulation
- Encoding
- Modulation
Modulation is the process of converting digital data into analog signals. It's essential for transmitting digital information over analog communication channels, such as radio waves, where analog signals are used for communication.
If a website's URL begins with "https://", what additional layer of security does it provide compared to "http://"?
- It adds authentication for users
- It encrypts the data transmitted between the client and the server
- It improves website loading speed
- It provides no additional security
If a website's URL begins with "https://," it indicates that the connection is secured with SSL/TLS encryption. This encryption ensures that data transmitted between the client and the server is encrypted, making it more secure and protecting against eavesdropping and data tampering.
What is the main difference between subnetting and supernetting in terms of IP address management?
- Subnetting divides an IP network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks, while supernetting combines smaller subnetworks into larger ones.
- Subnetting increases the number of host addresses, while supernetting reduces them.
- Subnetting is used for IPv4, while supernetting is used for IPv6.
- Subnetting is used in public networks, while supernetting is used in private networks.
Subnetting involves dividing an IP network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks to optimize address allocation, while supernetting combines smaller subnetworks into larger ones, reducing the routing table size.
Which email protocol is primarily used for retrieving emails from a mail server and supports offline access to messages?
- HTTP
- IMAP
- POP3
- SMTP
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is primarily used for retrieving emails from a mail server. It allows users to access their email messages on the server, and it supports offline access, meaning you can view your messages even without an internet connection.
Applications that need a fire-and-forget mechanism without the need for acknowledgments usually employ the ________ protocol.
- FTP
- ICMP
- TCP
- UDP
The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used for applications that require a "fire-and-forget" mechanism, where speed is more important than reliability and acknowledgments. UDP doesn't provide acknowledgment or error-checking like TCP.
Which basic error detection method involves adding an extra bit to data to make the number of ones either even or odd?
- CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
- Checksum
- Hamming Code
- Parity Bit
The Parity Bit is a basic error detection method that involves adding an extra bit to data to make the number of ones either even or odd. By checking this bit at the receiving end, errors can be detected in the transmitted data.
In a newly set up office, the network administrator observes that when one device broadcasts data, all other devices receive it, leading to potential data privacy concerns. Which device is most likely causing this behavior?
- Bridge
- Hub
- Router
- Switch
A Hub operates at the physical layer of the OSI model and broadcasts data to all devices in the network. It does not have intelligence to direct data only to the intended recipient, which can result in data privacy concerns.