CodeIgniter's implementation of ________ tokens is an effective measure against CSRF attacks.
- CSRF
- Form
- Random
- Security
CodeIgniter uses CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) tokens to protect against CSRF attacks. These tokens are unique and specific to each user session, making it difficult for attackers to forge requests on behalf of users.
Advanced payment gateway integrations may use ________ to dynamically calculate the best transaction route.
- Dynamic Routing
- Intelligent Routing
- Payment Algorithms
- Transaction Optimization
In advanced payment gateway integrations, intelligent routing is utilized to dynamically calculate the best transaction route. This involves assessing various factors such as transaction cost, network latency, and currency conversion rates to optimize the payment process. Intelligent routing ensures efficient and cost-effective transactions.
What is the significance of the PKCE (Proof Key for Code Exchange) extension in OAuth 2.0?
- It is used for client authentication in OAuth 2.0.
- It provides additional security for authorization codes in public clients.
- PKCE is optional and doesn't impact the security of OAuth 2.0.
- PKCE is used to encrypt user data during the authorization process.
PKCE is crucial for enhancing the security of OAuth 2.0, especially in public clients, by preventing authorization code interception attacks. It adds an additional layer of protection during the code exchange process.
What does setting the logging threshold to 4 in CodeIgniter do?
- Display all messages, including debugging
- Display only error messages
- Display only information messages
- Display only messages with a severity level of 4
Setting the logging threshold to 4 in CodeIgniter means that only messages with a severity level of 4 (INFO) and higher will be displayed. It helps in controlling the verbosity of the log messages based on their severity.
What is the primary role of an OAuth authorization server?
- Authenticate the resource owner and obtain their consent
- Handle the exchange of authorization codes for access tokens
- Issue access tokens to clients after successfully authenticating the resource owner
- Protect the resource owner's credentials
The primary role of an OAuth authorization server is to issue access tokens to clients after successfully authenticating the resource owner and validating their authorization.
In a multi-user system, a CodeIgniter application needs to ensure consistent data state during simultaneous database updates. This is achieved through ________.
- Caching Mechanism
- CodeIgniter Hooks
- Cross-Site Scripting Prevention
- Database Transactions
CodeIgniter provides support for database transactions to ensure data consistency during simultaneous updates. Developers can use transactions to wrap multiple queries into a single atomic operation, ensuring that either all changes are applied, or none at all. This helps maintain a consistent data state in a multi-user environment.
What is the primary challenge in mitigating DOM-based XSS attacks?
- Identifying and validating user input.
- Recognizing and neutralizing malicious scripts in the client's browser.
- Restricting the usage of third-party libraries.
- Sanitizing output on the server side.
The primary challenge in mitigating DOM-based XSS attacks lies in recognizing and neutralizing malicious scripts in the client's browser. Unlike traditional server-side XSS, where the server can sanitize input and output, DOM-based XSS involves scripts executing on the client side, making it crucial to detect and eliminate threats within the user's browser environment.
A common method to secure file uploads is to validate the file's ________ and size.
- Extension
- Hash
- Permissions
- Signature
Validating the file's extension and size is a common practice to enhance security during file uploads. This prevents malicious files and ensures that the file adheres to acceptable size limits.
Which type of form validation occurs on the server-side after the data is submitted?
- Client-side validation
- Front-end validation
- Real-time validation
- Server-side validation
Server-side validation is performed on the server after the form is submitted. It is essential for security and data integrity, as it can't be bypassed by users. Server-side validation checks input against predefined rules, reducing the risk of accepting invalid or malicious data.
In a CSP policy, the directive ________ is used to control sources of script execution.
- font-src
- img-src
- script-src
- style-src
The 'script-src' directive in a Content Security Policy (CSP) is used to control the sources from which scripts can be executed on a web page.