In COBOL debugging, a "Snapshot" allows you to capture the current state of the program at a specific point. It includes the values of variables, registers, and other relevant information for later analysis, aiding in identifying and resolving issues.

The EVALUATE statement in COBOL is suitable for efficiently handling multiple conditions. In this scenario, you can use it to evaluate different score ranges and determine whether a student fails, passes, or excels.

Exception messages in COBOL typically include crucial information such as the line number where the exception occurred, a specific error code for identification, and a descriptive message providing insights into the nature of the error. This information aids in debugging and resolving issues efficiently.

Implementing indexing on files helps minimize the impact of disk I/O by providing direct access to specific records, reducing the need for sequential scanning of the entire file.

COBOL file handling supports two types of locks: Exclusive locks, which allow only one program to access the file at a time, and Shared locks, which permit multiple programs to access the file concurrently for reading purposes.

Indexed file organization in COBOL allows for both sequential and random access to records. While records can be read sequentially, the presence of an index allows for direct access based on a key, providing flexibility in record retrieval.

The FILE STATUS clause in COBOL is commonly used to capture and handle exceptions that occur during file operations. It provides information about the status of the file operation, allowing the program to take appropriate actions in case of errors.