What is a cursor in COBOL when dealing with database operations?
- A control structure used to iterate over database records
- A database object used to store query results
- A mechanism to establish database connections
- An index used to optimize database queries
In COBOL, a cursor is a control structure used to iterate over the result set of a SQL query. It enables sequential access to individual rows returned by the query, allowing COBOL programs to process database records one at a time. Cursors are essential for handling database operations involving multiple rows of data.
How do you access an element within an array in COBOL?
- By using ACCEPT statement
- By using ADD statement
- By using MOVE statement
- By using subscript or index
In COBOL, you access an element within an array by using a subscript or index. This index specifies the position of the desired element in the array, allowing for easy retrieval and manipulation of data.
You are developing a COBOL program to read data from a file sequentially. Which file control verb should you use to open the file?
- CLOSE
- OPEN
- READ
- WRITE
In COBOL, the OPEN verb is used to open a file before reading from or writing to it in a program. This verb establishes the connection between the COBOL program and the external file, allowing subsequent READ or WRITE operations.
In a COBOL program, what file organization is typically used for master files in a database system?
- Dynamic
- Indexed
- Relative
- Sequential
Indexed file organization is typically used for master files in a database system in COBOL. It allows for efficient random access based on a key field, making it suitable for scenarios where records need to be retrieved directly by their key values.
The "I-O" file access mode allows both _____ and _____ operations on a file in COBOL.
- Appending, Renaming
- Closing, Opening
- Reading, Writing
- Updating, Deleting
The "I-O" (Input-Output) file access mode in COBOL allows both reading and writing operations on a file. It enables a program to perform a combination of input and output operations on the same file.
What is the significance of the INPUT PROCEDURE in a COBOL SORT statement?
- Defines the criteria for output record selection
- Provides a procedure to be executed before sorting starts
- Specifies the condition to be met for input records
- Specifies the output file for sorted records
The INPUT PROCEDURE in a COBOL SORT statement allows the programmer to specify a procedure that will be executed before the sorting process begins. It is commonly used for tasks such as data manipulation or validation before sorting.
When defining an array or table in COBOL, you must specify the _____ of elements it can hold.
- INDEX
- OCCURS
- RANGE
- SIZE
When defining an array or table in COBOL, the OCCURS clause is used to specify the number of elements it can hold. It determines the size or occurrence of the table, indicating how many times a data item should repeat.
When performing division in COBOL, which operator should you use?
- *
- +
- -
- /
The forward slash (/) operator is used for division in COBOL. For instance, "DIVIDE operand1 BY operand2 GIVING result." is a division operation in COBOL.
How is encapsulation achieved in Object-Oriented COBOL?
- By bundling data and methods within a class
- By separating data and procedures
- Through external subroutine calls
- Through the use of global variables
Encapsulation in Object-Oriented COBOL is achieved by bundling data and methods within a class. This means that the internal details of the class, such as data structures and implementation details, are hidden from the outside world, promoting information hiding and reducing complexity.
The LEVEL NUMBER in COBOL indicates the ________ of the data item.
- Address
- Hierarchy
- Size
- Type
The LEVEL NUMBER in COBOL indicates the hierarchical level of the data item. It specifies the position of the data item within the data hierarchy, helping in organizing and structuring data.