Cognitive biases can distort our perception of reality and influence our decision making in various ways. For example, confirmation bias may lead us to seek out information that confirms our preconceptions, while anchoring bias can cause us to rely too heavily on initial information. Understanding these biases is crucial for making more rational and effective decisions.

Option 2 is the most efficient approach as it offers constant-time lookups and insertion, resulting in O(n) time complexity for identifying duplicates. This solution optimizes both time and space by efficiently storing and querying entries.

Reframing involves looking at a problem from different angles or perspectives to gain new insights and generate creative solutions. It helps broaden the perspective, allowing individuals to see opportunities and possibilities that were previously overlooked. Therefore, the correct option is 'Broaden perspective'.

Holding grudges is not a recommended approach to resolving conflicts. It perpetuates negative feelings and can escalate the situation. Ignoring the conflict, although not recommended, can sometimes lead to unresolved issues. Engaging in open communication allows for the expression of concerns and facilitates understanding. Seeking compromise involves finding middle ground and mutually acceptable solutions.

Option 1 suggests maintaining composure and focusing on the issues, which helps de-escalate tension and promotes constructive dialogue. Responding with aggression or personal attacks can escalate the conflict and jeopardize the negotiation process.

Team dynamics, such as individual roles, communication styles, and personality clashes, can significantly impact the level of cooperation within a project team. When team members have conflicting personalities or communication breakdowns, it can hinder collaboration and productivity. To improve collaboration, measures such as clarifying roles and responsibilities, establishing effective communication channels, and promoting a culture of respect and inclusivity can be implemented.

ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties ensure the reliability and integrity of database transactions. Atomicity ensures that transactions are either fully completed or fully aborted, maintaining data integrity. Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after the transaction. Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other's operations. Durability guarantees that once a transaction is committed, its changes persist even in the event of system failures.

Testing is a process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not. Among the given options, only "Testing" is specifically related to identifying and documenting defects in software.

The correct answer is "Time Blocking." Time blocking involves scheduling specific blocks of time for similar tasks or activities. By focusing on one type of task at a time, individuals can minimize distractions and interruptions, leading to improved productivity and efficiency. This method helps maintain concentration and allows for better management of energy levels throughout the day.

Motivation is a crucial aspect of leadership, and one strategy a leader can use to motivate team members is by providing recognition for their achievements. Recognizing and rewarding accomplishments can boost morale and incentivize continued excellence. This approach fosters a positive work environment and encourages team members to perform at their best.