What is the primary function of the Application Layer in the OSI model?
- Error checking
- Reliable packet delivery
- Routing
- User interfaces and network services
The primary function of the Application Layer in the OSI model is to provide user interfaces and network services.
How does Dynamic PAT (Port Address Translation) handle IP address translation for a large number of internal hosts?
- It assigns a unique public IP address to each internal host.
- It dynamically assigns unique port numbers to each internal host sharing a single public IP address.
- It relies on static port assignments for each internal host.
- It uses multiple public IP addresses in a one-to-one mapping with internal hosts.
Dynamic PAT handles IP address translation for a large number of internal hosts by dynamically assigning unique port numbers to each internal host sharing a single public IP address.
An organization wants to automate their network configurations and ensure state consistency across devices. Which automation tool should they implement?
- Ansible
- Puppet
- Chef
- SaltStack
Ansible is a popular automation tool for network configuration management, providing simplicity and ensuring state consistency across devices.
A network engineer is configuring a high-availability network with Cisco routers. They need a protocol that offers both redundancy and load balancing for multiple routers acting as a gateway. Which protocol is most appropriate?
- HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol)
- VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)
- GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol)
- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
GLBP is a Cisco proprietary protocol that provides both redundancy and load balancing for multiple routers acting as a gateway in a high-availability network.
SDN helps in separating which two key functions of traditional networking for more efficient network management?
- Data and control planes
- Physical and logical planes
- Switching and routing
- LAN and WAN
SDN separates the data and control planes, allowing centralized control for more efficient network management.
The ________ feature of PPP allows for multiple network layer protocols to operate on the same link.
- Multiplexing
- Demultiplexing
- Link Control
- Multilink
The Multiplexing feature of PPP allows for multiple network layer protocols to operate on the same link.
In SNMP, a _________ is a message sent from an agent to a network manager, indicating a significant event.
- Get-Request
- Set-Request
- Trap
- Get-Response
In SNMP, a Trap is a message sent from an agent to a network manager, indicating a significant event.
What is the primary function of a firewall in a network security infrastructure?
- Protect against unauthorized access
- Speed up network traffic
- Manage IP addresses
- Monitor server performance
The primary function of a firewall is to protect against unauthorized access by controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic.
Which routing method requires manual configuration of routing entries by network administrators?
- Default Routing
- Dynamic Routing
- Hybrid Routing
- Static Routing
Static routing requires manual configuration of routing entries by network administrators.
What role does packet classification play in Quality of Service (QoS)?
- Identifying and marking packets
- Filtering out unwanted packets
- Encrypting sensitive packets
- Fragmenting large packets
Packet classification in QoS involves identifying and marking packets to facilitate proper prioritization and treatment.