In which routing method are routing decisions made based on pre-determined, static routes that do not change unless manually updated?
- Default Routing
- Dynamic Routing
- Hybrid Routing
- Static Routing
In static routing, routing decisions are made based on pre-determined, static routes that do not change unless manually updated.
What is the difference between hard and soft QoS policies in terms of enforcement and flexibility?
- Hard QoS: Strict enforcement, less flexibility. Soft QoS: Flexible enforcement, more adaptability.
- Hard QoS: Flexible enforcement, more adaptability. Soft QoS: Strict enforcement, less flexibility.
- Hard QoS: Applied to voice traffic. Soft QoS: Applied to video traffic.
- Hard QoS: Priority for real-time applications. Soft QoS: Priority for non-real-time applications.
The difference between hard and soft QoS policies lies in their enforcement and flexibility. Hard QoS enforces strict rules with less flexibility, while soft QoS offers more adaptability.
What is the best practice for applying ACLs in a network to maximize efficiency and security?
- Apply ACLs as close to the source as possible
- Apply ACLs at the core layer
- Apply ACLs on distribution switches
- Apply ACLs on the perimeter router
The best practice is to apply ACLs as close to the source as possible to minimize unnecessary traffic on the network and maximize security.
Which tool is most commonly used for basic troubleshooting of WAN links?
- Ping
- Traceroute
- SNMP
- Nmap
Ping is commonly used for basic troubleshooting of WAN links as it helps verify connectivity and measure round-trip time.
How does NAT traversal technique help in peer-to-peer communication across networks using NAT?
- It encrypts the entire communication to bypass NAT restrictions.
- It establishes a direct connection between the peers without NAT involvement.
- It relies on the use of globally routable IP addresses for all devices.
- It uses special NAT-aware protocols to negotiate the traversal.
NAT traversal involves using special NAT-aware protocols to negotiate the traversal, allowing peer-to-peer communication across networks using NAT.
Which protocol is commonly encapsulated within GRE tunnels to provide VPN services?
- IPsec
- MPLS
- L2TP
- PPTP
IPsec is commonly encapsulated within GRE tunnels to provide VPN services.
In QoS, ________ is a mechanism that ensures a specific minimum level of bandwidth to a certain traffic class.
- Policing
- Shaping
- Queuing
- Guarantees
In Quality of Service (QoS), shaping is a mechanism that ensures a specific minimum level of bandwidth to a certain traffic class.
Which type of ACL is processed first in a Cisco router, standard or extended?
- Extended
- It depends on the router model
- Standard
- There is no specific order
In a Cisco router, standard ACLs are processed before extended ACLs.
In SDN, the process of centralizing network intelligence and state is known as ________.
- Virtualization
- Abstraction
- Centralization
- Orchestration
In SDN, the process of centralizing network intelligence and state is known as Centralization.
During the process of _________, routes from one routing protocol are injected into another routing protocol.
- Aggregation
- Propagation
- Redistribution
- Segmentation
During the process of redistribution, routes from one routing protocol are injected into another routing protocol. Redistribution is commonly used when multiple routing protocols are used in the same network.