________ operate at the network layer and are responsible for making decisions based on IP addresses to forward packets to their destination.
- Bridges
- Hubs
- Routers
- Switches
Switches operate at the network layer and make decisions based on IP addresses to forward packets to their destination.
What is the primary difference between IPv6 and IPv4 addressing in terms of address length?
- 128 bits
- 256 bits
- 32 bits
- 64 bits
IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long, which is a significant increase from IPv4's 32-bit addresses.
Which topology uses a hybrid approach, combining elements of both star and bus topologies for improved performance?
- Bus
- Hybrid
- Mesh
- Star
A hybrid topology combines elements of both star and bus topologies for improved performance. It offers the advantages of both topologies.
What version of SNMP provides message integrity, authentication, and encryption for secure management of network devices?
- SNMPv1
- SNMPv2c
- SNMPv3
- SNMPv4
SNMPv3 (Simple Network Management Protocol version 3) provides message integrity, authentication, and encryption for secure management of network devices.
In a mixed-vendor environment, which EtherChannel protocol is preferred and why?
- Both are equally compatible
- LACP
- Neither, use static EtherChannel
- PAgP
In a mixed-vendor environment, LACP is preferred as it is a standards-based protocol, ensuring compatibility with devices from different vendors.
In VLSM, smaller subnets can be created by borrowing ________ bits from the host portion of the address.
- Additional
- Fewer
- More
- Unused
In VLSM, smaller subnets can be created by borrowing more bits from the host portion of the address.
In SNMP, what term is used to describe a set of variables on the managed device that store information about the device?
- MIB
- OID
- SNMPSET
- TRAP
MIB (Management Information Base) is the term used to describe a set of variables on the managed device that store information about the device in SNMP.
The integration of DHCP Snooping with _________ helps in mitigating ARP poisoning attacks on a network.
- Dynamic ARP Inspection
- IP Source Guard
- Port Security
- VLAN ACLs
Integrating DHCP Snooping with Dynamic ARP Inspection helps mitigate ARP poisoning attacks by validating ARP packets.
______ routing is preferred in environments where network traffic patterns are predictable and do not change often.
- Default
- Dynamic
- Hybrid
- Static
Static routing is preferred in environments where network traffic patterns are predictable and do not change often.
In PPP, the ________ phase is critical for negotiating options and setting up a link.
- Link Control
- Authentication
- Network Control
- Data Link
In PPP, the Link Control phase is critical for negotiating options and setting up a link between the devices.