The primary purpose of data binding in AngularJS controllers is to establish a connection between the model and the view. Data binding allows automatic synchronization of data between these two layers, ensuring that changes in the model are reflected in the view and vice versa. This simplifies the process of keeping the user interface up-to-date with the underlying data and enhances the responsiveness of AngularJS applications. Understanding data binding is fundamental to building dynamic and interactive user interfaces.

In AngularJS, handling global events in controllers can be achieved using $rootScope. While $rootScope provides a way to broadcast events globally, developers should be cautious about its impact on application performance. Broadcasting global events can lead to increased coupling between components and potential performance bottlenecks. Understanding the trade-offs is essential for maintaining a well-performing AngularJS application.

In AngularJS, you apply a controller to a specific part of the view using the ng-controller directive. This directive associates a controller with a portion of the HTML, defining the scope of that controller's influence. By understanding how to use ng-controller, developers can create modular and organized AngularJS applications, where controllers are responsible for specific sections of the UI.

To optimize performance in AngularJS, caching can be implemented when retrieving data from an external API. Caching involves storing previously fetched data locally so that subsequent requests for the same data can be served quickly without making additional network calls. Implementing caching strategies is an advanced technique to enhance the responsiveness and efficiency of AngularJS applications.

A controller in AngularJS is defined using the ngController directive. This directive is used to attach a controller to the HTML element it is declared on. The ngController directive takes the name of the controller as its attribute value, allowing the developer to specify which controller should be associated with a particular section of the view. Understanding how to define controllers is fundamental for organizing and managing application logic in AngularJS.

AngularJS's Two-Way Data Binding is a key concept that integrates models and views seamlessly. With two-way data binding, changes in the model automatically update the view, and changes in the view update the model. This bidirectional communication simplifies the development process, reduces boilerplate code, and enhances the responsiveness of AngularJS applications. Understanding two-way data binding is fundamental for efficient data synchronization in AngularJS.

Using nested controllers in AngularJS can lead to increased complexity. While it allows for a more modular structure, it can make the code harder to understand and maintain. Developers need to carefully consider the trade-offs and use nested controllers judiciously to strike a balance between modularity and code clarity.

Minification can break dependency injection in AngularJS because it changes variable names, making it challenging for AngularJS to identify and inject dependencies correctly. To resolve this, AngularJS provides techniques like explicit dependency annotation using the array syntax in controllers and services, ensuring that minification does not affect the dependency injection process. Understanding this aspect is crucial for maintaining reliable dependency injection in minified AngularJS code.

The ng-class directive in AngularJS is best suited for applying conditional styles to an element. It allows you to dynamically apply CSS classes based on conditions specified in your controller or template. This flexibility makes it a powerful tool for managing the visual appearance of elements based on various states or user interactions. Understanding how to use ng-class is essential for creating dynamic and responsive user interfaces in AngularJS applications.

In AngularJS API integration, the process of transforming request and response data is handled by Interceptors. Interceptors provide a way to intercept and modify HTTP requests or responses globally before they are sent or received. This powerful feature allows developers to preprocess or post-process data, such as adding authentication headers or transforming response data, across the entire application. Understanding interceptors is crucial for effective API integration in AngularJS.