SQL injection is a security vulnerability that primarily affects which aspect of database operations?
- Data availability
- Data confidentiality
- Data integrity
- Data security
SQL injection primarily affects data security by allowing attackers to manipulate database queries to access, modify, or delete sensitive data unauthorizedly. This undermines the security of the application and compromises the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.
The WHERE clause in a SELECT statement is used to specify a ___________ condition for the retrieved data.
- Filtering
- Grouping
- Joining
- Sorting
The WHERE clause is used in SQL to filter rows based on a specified condition. It allows you to narrow down the result set by specifying criteria that rows must meet to be included in the output. This clause is essential for retrieving specific data that meets certain conditions from a database table.
Scenario: You are working on a Windows Forms application that requires displaying a large dataset in a tabular format with sorting and filtering options. Which control would you choose, DataGrid or DataGridView, and why?
- DataGrid
- DataGridView
- Either control can be used
- It depends on the specific requirements of the application
The DataGridView control is preferred over DataGrid for its enhanced features and flexibility. DataGridView offers built-in support for sorting, filtering, and customization of cell styles, making it more suitable for displaying large datasets with sorting and filtering options. Additionally, DataGridView provides better performance and scalability compared to DataGrid. Therefore, DataGridView would be the recommended choice for this scenario.
What are the advantages of using connection pooling in ADO.NET?
- Better performance
- Increased security
- Reduced resource consumption
- Simplified code
Connection pooling in ADO.NET offers better performance by reusing connections instead of creating new ones for each request. This reduces the overhead of establishing connections and can lead to significant performance improvements, especially in high-volume applications.
DataGrid and DataGridView controls support data binding. What is data binding, and why is it important in these controls?
- Data binding allows for seamless synchronization between the data source and UI controls, enhancing the user experience.
- Data binding is the process of establishing a connection between the data source and the UI control, ensuring that any changes in the data reflect immediately in the control.
- Data binding reduces manual effort in updating UI controls by automatically reflecting changes made to the underlying data.
- Data binding simplifies the code by automatically updating the UI controls when the data source changes.
Data binding in DataGrid or DataGridView controls is crucial as it ensures that any modifications made to the underlying data are immediately reflected in the associated UI controls. This results in a more responsive and synchronized user interface, simplifying the development process and enhancing the overall user experience.
What is the difference between LINQ to SQL and LINQ to Entities?
- LINQ to Entities supports different data sources including relational databases
- LINQ to Entities uses ObjectContext or DbContext for data manipulation.
- LINQ to SQL is designed for relational databases and maps directly to SQL tables.
- LINQ to SQL uses DataContext for data manipulation.
LINQ to SQL is tightly coupled to SQL Server, whereas LINQ to Entities is more flexible and can work with various data sources beyond SQL Server, such as Oracle, MySQL, etc.
How can you execute a stored procedure in ADO.NET?
- By using the SqlCommand object to create a command with the stored procedure name and then calling ExecuteNonQuery.
- By using the SqlConnection object to establish a connection to the database and then calling ExecuteScalar.
- By using the SqlDataAdapter object to fill a DataSet with the results of the stored procedure execution.
- By using the SqlDataReader object to read the results of the stored procedure execution row by row.
You can execute a stored procedure in ADO.NET by creating a SqlCommand object with the stored procedure name and setting its CommandType property to StoredProcedure. Then, you can add parameters to the command if necessary and execute it using the ExecuteNonQuery method to perform operations that don't return data or ExecuteReader method to retrieve data. The ExecuteScalar method is used when the stored procedure returns a single value. The SqlDataAdapter is used for retrieving data into a DataSet, and SqlDataReader is used for reading data row by row.
What is the significance of the CommandType property in an ADO.NET command object?
- It defines the parameters for the SQL command
- It determines the type of SQL command being executed
- It sets the timeout for the command execution
- It specifies the type of database being accessed
The significance of the CommandType property in an ADO.NET command object is that it determines the type of SQL command being executed. It can be set to CommandType.Text for regular SQL queries or CommandType.StoredProcedure for executing stored procedures.
A common approach to resolving data conflicts in ADO.NET is to implement ___________.
- Data encryption
- Data normalization
- Optimistic concurrency control
- Pessimistic concurrency control
Optimistic concurrency control is a strategy used in ADO.NET to handle data conflicts by assuming that conflicts are rare, thereby improving performance.
Performance optimization in hierarchical data involves techniques like ___________ to reduce data retrieval overhead.
- Aggressive loading
- Deferred loading
- Eager loading
- Lazy loading
In hierarchical data, deferred loading techniques are employed to optimize performance by loading related data only when necessary, minimizing the amount of data retrieved from the database at once.