Which of the following functions in PHP is used to find the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string?
- strpos()
- substr_position()
- find_string_position()
- locate_string_position()
The strpos() function in PHP is used to find the position of the first occurrence of a substring within a string.
In PHP, which of the following keywords is used to access properties and methods of a parent class from a child class?
- super
- parent
- this
- self
In PHP, the 'parent' keyword is used to access properties and methods of a parent class from a child class. This is essential when you want to override a method in the child class while still using the parent class's method.
The ________ function in PHP is used to get the last error that occurred during a file operation.
- error_get_last()
- file_get_contents()
- file_exists()
- error_reporting()
The error_get_last() function retrieves the details of the last error, which is useful for debugging and understanding file operation issues in PHP.
What is the main difference between a session and a cookie in PHP?
- Session data is stored on the server
- Cookies are stored on the client-side
- Session data expires when the browser is closed
- Cookies store data that is encrypted
The key difference between sessions and cookies in PHP is that session data is stored on the server, while cookies are stored on the client-side. This has important implications for data security and persistence.
Which loop structure in PHP would be most appropriate if you want the loop to execute at least once, regardless of the initial condition?
- do...while
- while
- for
- foreach
The 'do...while' loop in PHP is suitable for ensuring that a block of code executes at least once, regardless of the initial condition evaluation.
In PHP, you can refer to the current namespace using the ________ keyword.
- namespace
- use
- this
- self
In PHP, the namespace keyword is used to refer to the current namespace, allowing for organized and modular code structure in PHP applications.
Which of the following is NOT a valid way to return multiple values from a PHP function?
- Using an array
- Using a class with multiple properties
- Using a comma-separated string
- Using multiple return statements
While using a comma-separated string is technically possible, it's not a good practice for returning multiple values. The other options are valid approaches for returning multiple values.
What will the strpos() function return if the substring is not found in the string?
- -1
- 0
- FALSE
- Null
The strpos() function in PHP returns -1 when the substring is not found in the string. It's important to check for -1 to determine if the substring is absent.
When handling multiple select fields in a form, the name attribute should end with ________ to ensure all selected values are sent to the server.
- '[]'
- '*'
- '+'
- 'multiple'
To ensure all selected values are sent to the server, the name attribute should end with '[]' for multiple select fields. This tells PHP to treat the data as an array.
What does XSS stand for in the context of web security?
- Cross-Site Scripting
- Extra Security System
- External System Security
- Excess Server Stress
XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) is a security vulnerability where attackers inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users, compromising their data and privacy.
What is the main reason for hashing passwords before storing them in a database?
- To make passwords case-insensitive
- To save storage space
- To improve password visibility
- To enhance security
Hashing passwords before storing them in a database enhances security. It ensures that the original password is not stored, making it much more difficult for attackers to retrieve user passwords in case of a breach.
The PDO attribute that controls the error reporting mode is named ________.
- PDO::ERRMODE_SILENT
- PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING
- PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION
- PDO::ERRMODE_ERRMODE
The PDO attribute that controls the error reporting mode is named PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, which makes PDO throw exceptions for errors.