Developers might choose to exclude the "using namespace std;" directive to avoid naming conflicts in large projects. Using the "std::" prefix explicitly indicates that a function or object comes from the C++ Standard Library, which can prevent unintentional naming clashes. While it may make code slightly less concise, it enhances code maintainability and prevents ambiguity.

In C++, the function prototype specifies the return type and the types of parameters a function expects. It provides a declaration of the function's signature, allowing the compiler to check for correct usage throughout the code.

The loop that first checks the condition and then executes its body is called a "for loop." In a for loop, you specify the initialization, condition, and increment or decrement all within the loop header. This allows for precise control over loop execution.

In C++, the 'typedef' keyword is used to define user-defined data types. It allows you to create aliases for existing data types, making your code more readable and maintainable.

Functions in C++ can return multiple values using tuples. A tuple is an ordered collection of elements, and it's an excellent way to return multiple values from a function. It's more flexible than returning values using pointers, references, or arrays, as it allows you to return values of different types. Tuples were introduced in C++11.

In C++, when a return type is not explicitly provided for a function, it defaults to 'void.' This means the function does not return a value. It's essential when you have functions that perform actions without returning a result, such as void functions for input/output or setting variables.

When an inline function is too long or complex, it can lead to increased code size. This is because the function's code is inserted at each call site, potentially resulting in larger compiled code. However, this may be offset by improved performance due to reduced function call overhead.

In C++, the string data type is used to store a sequence of characters, such as words or sentences. It provides convenient methods for working with text data, unlike other data types like char or int.

The "==" operator in C++ is the equality operator, and it is used to check if two operands are equal. It returns true if the operands are equal and false otherwise. This operator is frequently used in conditional statements and comparisons in C++ programs.

Ambiguities in function overloading can occur due to similar argument types. To avoid this, ensure that there is a clear distinction in the number or types of arguments. Return type ambiguity is not relevant since C++ doesn't differentiate functions based on return types.

Default argument values can cause ambiguities in function overloading when multiple overloaded functions have similar parameter lists, and it becomes unclear which function should be called.

The process by which the correct function is selected from a set of overloaded functions during compile time is termed as Function Resolution. It is the compiler's job to determine which overloaded function to call based on the arguments provided. This ensures type safety and efficiency in function calls.