To adapt API throttling to varying server loads and usage patterns, it's essential to use a dynamic approach. This involves analyzing server metrics and usage data to adjust throttling limits in real-time, ensuring optimal performance and resource utilization based on the current situation.

HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE directly correspond to common CRUD operations in Web APIs. GET retrieves data, POST creates new data, PUT updates existing data, and DELETE removes data. This correlation simplifies the interaction with Web APIs and helps developers understand the purpose of each request method.

Integrating OpenID Connect and RBAC is a powerful combination for enhancing API security. OpenID Connect provides strong authentication, verifying the user's identity, while RBAC ensures that only authorized users have access to specific resources. Together, they improve overall security by preventing unauthorized access and data breaches. The other options are incorrect and do not contribute positively to API security.

Relay optimizes for performance with a local store that keeps track of all the data and schema fetched via GraphQL queries. This local store allows for efficient data caching and management, improving the performance of applications using GraphQL with Relay.

Developers might choose JWT (JSON Web Tokens) for authorization due to their simplicity and portability. JWTs are self-contained and can be easily passed between parties, making them an efficient choice for handling user authentication and authorization. They are particularly useful when a stateless and distributed authorization method is required.

In OpenID Connect, an Identity Provider (IdP) is a crucial component responsible for issuing authentication tokens to users. It authenticates users and provides them with identity tokens, which are then used to access resources or APIs. Understanding the role of IdPs is vital in the context of user authentication and authorization.

To track changes in customer addresses without retaining the history of previous addresses, you should implement SCD Type 1. This type overwrites existing data with the new address information, ensuring that only the most recent data is retained. SCD Type 2, 3, and 4 involve preserving historical data, which is not necessary in this scenario.

The primary challenge with incremental loads in ETL processes is detecting and synchronizing changes in the source data. Ensuring that only the changes are loaded while maintaining data integrity and consistency is a complex task. It often involves mechanisms to identify inserts, updates, and deletions in the source data and apply corresponding changes in the target system.

The concept in ERP systems where data is entered once and can be accessed from multiple applications without redundancy is known as "Single Point Entry." This approach reduces data duplication and ensures data consistency and accuracy across the organization.

To integrate supply chain management with financial accounting, the primary ERP module to consider is the Finance module. This module handles financial transactions, budgeting, and accounting processes, making it essential for tracking the financial aspects of the supply chain. While other modules are important, finance is the core module for financial integration.

A "materialized view" in a data warehouse is a precomputed summary table that helps speed up query performance. It stores aggregated or computed data, reducing the need to perform complex calculations during queries, thereby improving response times for analytical queries. Materialized views are valuable in data warehousing for optimizing query performance.

The OLAP operation known as "Drill-down" allows users to navigate from a higher level of aggregation to a lower one, providing more detailed data. This is essential for exploring data hierarchies and gaining insights into specific elements within a broader context.