To ensure data integrity, Hadoop employs checksums to detect and correct errors during data transmission. Checksums are used to verify the integrity of data blocks, reducing the chances of data corruption during storage and transfer.

Apache Pig is a scripting language in Hadoop used for complex data transformations. It simplifies the development of MapReduce programs and is particularly useful for processing and analyzing large datasets. Pig scripts are written using the Pig Latin language.

When addressing performance issues with specific types of jobs, utilizing speculative execution can be effective. Speculative execution involves launching backup tasks for slower tasks, ensuring that the job completes faster by using additional resources if needed. This is particularly useful for handling straggler tasks.

Spark supports integration with AI frameworks through Spark MLlib. MLlib provides a scalable machine learning library that integrates seamlessly with Spark, enabling data analytics projects to incorporate machine learning capabilities.

Avro's Schema Evolution feature allows the modification of data structures without requiring changes to the entire dataset. This flexibility is crucial for handling evolving data in Big Data environments.

The primary role of Apache Oozie in Hadoop data pipelines is workflow coordination. Oozie allows users to define and manage workflows that coordinate the execution of Hadoop jobs, making it easier to schedule and manage complex data processing tasks in a coordinated manner.

If a Hadoop job fails due to a specific node repeatedly crashing, the diagnostic action that should be prioritized is checking the node logs for errors. This helps identify the root cause of the node's failure and allows for targeted troubleshooting and resolution.

Hive's vectorization feature ensures efficient processing for complex joins and aggregations by performing operations in batch mode, reducing the need for row-wise processing and improving overall performance. It utilizes CPU instructions more effectively, making Hive queries faster.

In Apache Flume, a Channel can be configured to enhance data ingestion performance. Channels act as buffers that temporarily store and process events before they are transmitted to the next stage in the Flume pipeline. Proper configuration of channels is crucial for optimizing the data flow in Flume.

The concept of Multitenancy in YARN allows multiple data processing frameworks to use Hadoop as a common platform. It enables the sharing of resources among multiple applications and users.

When planning the capacity of a Hadoop cluster, network bandwidth is a critical metric for balancing the load across DataNodes. It ensures efficient data transfer and prevents bottlenecks in the network, optimizing the overall performance of the cluster.

In Hive, Predicate Pushdown is a mechanism that enables more efficient data retrieval by pushing filtering conditions closer to the data source. It helps to skip over irrelevant data early in the query execution process, improving performance.