During a project audit, you need to find out when a specific bug was introduced. What Git feature can help you trace the origin of this bug?
- blame
- log
- bisect
- show
The correct option is bisect. The git bisect command allows you to perform a binary search through the commit history to identify when a bug was introduced. By marking good and bad commits, Git efficiently narrows down the faulty commit range.
A developer wants to automate the deployment of their application to a server after each commit to the master branch on GitLab. Which Git feature should they utilize?
- GitLab CI/CD
- Git Submodules
- Git Merge Requests
- Git Stash
To automate the deployment process after each commit to the master branch on GitLab, the developer should utilize GitLab CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment). GitLab CI/CD allows developers to define and automate pipelines for building, testing, and deploying their applications.
Customizing the __________ Hook can help enforce coding standards before code is pushed.
- Pre-push
- Pre-receive
- Post-commit
- Post-receive
The correct option is Pre-receive. This hook is executed on the server when you receive a push. Customizing it allows you to enforce coding standards before accepting the pushed code.
In an open source project, a critical bug is discovered in a release. How should the maintainers use Git to address this issue promptly while maintaining the integrity of the project?
- Cherry-pick
- Revert
- Reset
- Squash
The maintainers should use the "Revert" option. Reverting creates a new commit that undoes the changes introduced by a specific commit, effectively addressing the critical bug while maintaining the integrity of the project history. It is a safer option than resetting or squashing, as it keeps a clear record of the fix without altering existing commits.
A team member needs to review changes made in the past two weeks, but there are too many commits to check individually. What Git command should they use?
- git log --since="2 weeks ago"
- git show --last=2.weeks
- git diff --since="2 weeks ago"
- git blame --since="2 weeks ago"
The correct option is to use "git log --since="2 weeks ago"" to view the commit history for the past two weeks. Git log provides a detailed overview of commits, making it easier for the team member to review changes over the specified period.
To ignore certain files from being tracked in Git, list them in a _______ file.
- .exclude
- .gitignore
- exclude.txt
- ignorefile
The correct option is "b) .gitignore." The .gitignore file is used to specify files or patterns that Git should ignore. This helps in preventing unnecessary files from being tracked, such as temporary files or compiled binaries.
What is the purpose of the git commit command?
- Save changes to the local repository
- Upload changes to the remote repository
- Discard local changes
- Create a new branch
The purpose of the git commit command is to save changes to the local repository. It creates a new commit with the changes you have made, providing a way to track the history of your project.
After reviewing a repository's history, a team leader finds an unauthorized access. What Git practice could have prevented this?
- Branch protection
- Code signing
- Git hooks
- Commit squashing
Branch protection can prevent unauthorized access by defining rules that restrict certain actions on specific branches. By enforcing access controls, the team leader could have prevented unauthorized changes and maintained a secure repository.
Which Git feature is commonly used to trigger a CI/CD pipeline?
- Git Hooks
- Git Stash
- Git Submodules
- Git Branches
Git Hooks are scripts triggered by specific Git events, making them suitable for CI/CD pipeline triggers. Stash, submodules, and branches serve different purposes in Git but are not directly tied to CI/CD.
In Git, a release is often marked with a ________, representing a stable point in the development.
- Tag
- Stash
- Branch
- Commit
In Git, a release is commonly marked with a tag. Tags are labels for specific points in Git history, often used to represent stable versions of the software.
What is the main benefit of conducting code reviews before merging changes?
- Identifying and fixing bugs and issues early in the development process.
- Speeding up the merging process without thorough examination.
- Adding unnecessary complexity to the codebase.
- Code reviews are optional and don't impact the development workflow.
Code reviews help in early bug detection and ensure that the proposed changes meet coding standards. They contribute to better code quality, knowledge sharing among team members, and overall project maintainability.
How does a lightweight tag in Git differ from an annotated tag?
- Contains only a reference to a commit
- Includes additional information like a message
- Points to a branch
- Represents a merge commit
A lightweight tag in Git only contains a reference to a specific commit, while an annotated tag includes additional information such as a tagger name, email, date, and a tagging message. Annotated tags are recommended for important releases or milestones.