How does the Forking workflow model differ from the Feature Branch workflow?
- Both workflows involve separate branches, but in Forking, contributors clone the repository independently, while in Feature Branch, contributors create branches within the main repository.
- Forking creates a separate copy of the entire repository for each contributor, whereas Feature Branch allows contributors to work in their branches within the main repository.
- Forking requires merging pull requests to the upstream repository, while Feature Branch involves merging directly into the main branch.
- Feature Branch workflow allows more flexibility for individual contributors, while Forking workflow is more centralized.
The Forking model involves contributors creating a copy (fork) of the repository, making changes, and then issuing pull requests to merge changes back. Feature Branch involves creating branches within the main repository for each feature or bug fix.
How do you check the current version of Git installed on your system?
- git version
- git show
- git status
- git check
To check the current version of Git, you can use the git version command. This will display the installed Git version on your system. The other options are not suitable for checking the Git version.
Reflecting on major Git successes, what is a common factor that contributes to efficient version control in large organizations?
- Centralized version control
- Frequent manual interventions
- Effective branching and merging strategies
- Avoiding the use of Git hooks
Efficient branching and merging strategies contribute to successful version control in large organizations. They enable parallel development, easy collaboration, and streamlined integration of features.
To remove a file from the staging area without deleting the file itself, use the command git _______.
- reset
- unstage
- rm
- discard
The correct option is unstage. This command is used to remove a file from the staging area, leaving the working directory unchanged. It allows you to unstage changes that you previously staged with git add.
How can you combine multiple commits into one using Git?
- Use the git merge command with the --squash option to condense multiple commits into one before merging.
- Execute git commit --combine for the commits you want to merge, specifying the commit range.
- Use the git rebase command with the -i (interactive) option to squash, fixup, or reword commits interactively.
- Create a new branch, cherry-pick the desired commits onto it, and then merge the new branch.
Git rebase with the -i option allows for interactive rebasing, including the ability to squash commits together, providing a cleaner history.
How do branching strategies in Git influence project management in large enterprises?
- Facilitate Parallel Development
- Slow Down the Development Process
- Minimize Collaboration
- Increase Code Conflicts
Git branching strategies enable parallel development, allowing teams to work on features independently. This enhances collaboration and accelerates project delivery by avoiding conflicts during simultaneous development.
What is a Git Hook primarily used for?
- Executing custom scripts
- Managing branches
- Resolving merge conflicts
- Creating repositories
Git hooks are scripts that run automatically before or after specific Git events. They are primarily used for executing custom scripts, such as enforcing coding standards or triggering automated tests.
A developer discovers that confidential files were accidentally committed to a public Git repository. What steps should be taken to resolve this?
- Identify and note down the commit hash. Use git reset or git revert to undo the commit.
- Use git rm to remove the files from the repository, commit the changes, and push.
- Create a new branch, cherry-pick the desired commits without the confidential files, and push.
- Use git filter-branch to remove the files from the entire history and force push the updated repository.
Option 2 involves removing the confidential files and making a clean commit, ensuring that sensitive information is not exposed. Other options may have drawbacks or potential risks, such as force-pushing to a shared repository.
A git _______ is used to combine multiple commits into a single commit for a cleaner history.
- merge
- squash
- combine
- join
The correct option is squash. The git squash command is used during interactive rebase to combine multiple commits into a single commit. It helps in maintaining a cleaner and more readable commit history.
The git _______ command creates a new commit that undoes all of the changes made in a specified commit.
- revert
- reset
- undo
- backout
The correct option is revert. The git revert command is used to create a new commit that undoes the changes made in a previous commit, effectively reverting the repository's state to a previous point in time.
A developer wants to temporarily save changes without committing them to maintain a clean project history. What Git feature should they use?
- git stash
- git branch
- git commit --amend
- git tag
The correct option is a. git stash. This command allows the developer to save changes without committing them and revert the working directory to the last commit. It's useful for switching to a different branch or applying changes later. git branch is used to create, list, or delete branches. git commit --amend is used to modify the last commit, and git tag is used to create tags.
The git ________ command can be particularly useful in IDEs for exploring code history.
- log
- status
- diff
- commit
The "git log" command displays the commit history of the repository. In an IDE, this can be useful for developers to understand the chronological order of changes, who made them, and the associated commit messages. It aids in exploring the code history and tracking changes over time.