Imagine you're monitoring a network and notice that a client sends a SYN packet but doesn't receive a SYN-ACK response from the server. Instead, the client keeps retransmitting the SYN packet. What might be a likely reason for this behavior?
- Firewall Blocking
- MTU Mismatch
- Network Congestion
- Wrong IP Address
Network Congestion is a common reason for a client not receiving a SYN-ACK response. When the network is congested, packets may be dropped or delayed, leading to retransmissions. A SYN-ACK is the second step in the TCP three-way handshake, and if it's not received, the client will retransmit the SYN packet.
Which Ethernet standard is commonly used for Gigabit Ethernet in most modern local area networks?
- 10Base-T
- 100Base-FX
- 1000Base-T
- 100Base-T
Gigabit Ethernet in most modern local area networks commonly uses the 1000Base-T standard, which operates at 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps) over twisted-pair cabling, such as Cat 5e or Cat 6.
In terms of network design, what is the primary advantage of using bridges?
- Enhancing scalability and reducing latency.
- Improving security through access control.
- Increasing network bandwidth and optimizing routing.
- Reducing collision domains and filtering traffic at the data link layer.
Bridges are used to reduce collision domains and filter traffic at the data link layer, which helps in network design to decrease collisions and improve network performance.
A company wants to enable its employees to work from home due to a sudden lockdown. To ensure that employees can access company resources securely, what technology should the company employ?
- DNS (Domain Name System)
- Firewall
- Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
- VPN (Virtual Private Network)
The company should employ a VPN (Virtual Private Network). A VPN establishes a secure, encrypted connection between employees' devices and the company's network, allowing remote access to company resources while maintaining security and privacy.
What type of network is best suited for connecting devices in a single building or floor?
- LAN
- MAN
- PAN
- WAN
LAN (Local Area Network) is a network type that is designed to operate over a small physical area such as an office, building, or a group of buildings. It allows devices to connect and communicate within a localized environment.
An IT manager wants to divide the company's IP address space to ensure each department has its dedicated network segment, optimizing network performance and security. What process should the IT manager employ?
- CIDR
- NAT
- Subnetting
- VLSM
Subnetting is the process of dividing a larger IP network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks. It allows each department to have its dedicated network segment, enhancing network performance and security. VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking) and CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) are advanced subnetting techniques. NAT (Network Address Translation) is used for mapping private IP addresses to a single public IP address.
What is the main advantage of IPv6 over IPv4 in terms of addressing capacity?
- IPv6 allows backward compatibility with IPv4 addresses.
- IPv6 offers faster data transmission speeds.
- IPv6 provides 64-bit addresses, increasing the number of available IP addresses to a virtually unlimited quantity.
- IPv6 uses a more compact addressing format.
IPv6 provides 128-bit addresses, which significantly expand the address space to an almost unlimited number of unique addresses. This is crucial to accommodate the growing number of devices and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Emma notices that when she visits her bank's website, there's a padlock symbol in the browser's address bar. This symbol indicates that her connection to the bank's website is using which protocol?
- FTP
- HTTP
- HTTPS
- SMTP
The padlock symbol in the browser's address bar indicates that the connection is using HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure). This protocol provides secure communication over the internet, encrypting data transmitted between the user's browser and the website's server. It's commonly used for online banking and other secure transactions.
For a high-speed internet connection in a dense urban setting with multiple potential interference sources, which transmission medium would be the most appropriate?
- Coaxial Cable
- Fiber Optic
- Twisted Pair
- Wireless
Fiber Optic - Fiber optic cables are ideal for high-speed internet connections in dense urban settings due to their immunity to electromagnetic interference. They use light signals for data transmission and are not susceptible to the electromagnetic interference that can affect other media like coaxial or twisted-pair cables.
A ___________ typically connects personal devices within an individual's immediate vicinity, such as connecting a smartphone to a laptop via Bluetooth.
- LAN
- MAN
- PAN
- WAN
PAN (Personal Area Network) is a network for personal devices and is typically used for connections within an individual's immediate vicinity, often within the range of a single person. Examples include connecting a smartphone to a laptop via Bluetooth or connecting a smartwatch to a phone.
Among the given transmission media, which is best known for its high bandwidth and long-distance data transmission capabilities?
- Coaxial Cable
- Twisted Pair Copper Wire
- Satellite
- Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber Optic Cable is best known for its high bandwidth and long-distance data transmission capabilities. It uses light signals to transmit data and can carry a vast amount of information over long distances with minimal signal loss. It is widely used in high-speed internet connections and long-haul networks.
Which component of a networked device is uniquely identified by the MAC address?
- CPU
- RAM
- Hard Drive
- Network Interface Card (NIC)
The MAC address uniquely identifies the Network Interface Card (NIC) within a networked device. Each NIC has a globally unique MAC address, which is crucial for communication on the network.