White-box Testing, often referred to as structural or clear-box testing, involves the detailed examination of the internal logic of the code. Thus, the primary element analyzed to design test cases is the actual source code of the software component under test.

Solely relying on experience-based testing techniques can result in limited test coverage due to inherent human biases. Testers might focus on areas they're familiar with or consider problematic, potentially overlooking other critical sections or newer functionalities that also require attention.

Anticipatory risk identification involves proactively identifying risks that might emerge in the future due to changes or updates in a project. This approach ensures that potential issues are addressed before they become actual threats to project objectives.

A negative ROI in automated testing is typically experienced when there's a high frequency of application changes. This is because every change might require a significant amount of test maintenance, resulting in more time, effort, and cost than manual testing. The essence of automation is to save time in the long run, but frequent changes can counteract these savings.

Automated testing primarily ensures repeatability and consistency in testing scenarios. While speeding up the process is an advantage, the main objective is to execute the same test cases multiple times without human error, ensuring the software behaves consistently.

User interface testing verifies that the interface elements of an application are functioning correctly. When comparing web to mobile applications, one significant difference is the type and variety of user gestures. Mobile apps often require testing for gestures like swiping, pinching, long-presses, etc. Web applications, especially responsive ones, might need testing across different viewport sizes, but the variety of gestures is typically less complex than on mobile. Moreover, mobile app testing may also involve device and OS-specific checks.

The principle of "Early Testing" emphasizes initiating testing activities as early as the requirements gathering phase. This proactive approach allows teams to identify and rectify defects at an earlier stage, making the defect management process less cumbersome and cost-effective. Early testing ensures quality is integrated throughout the lifecycle, reducing the overall risk and potential rework in later stages.

As the number of automated test scripts in a suite grows, maintenance becomes more challenging. Any change in the application can result in a need to update many test scripts, making the process time-consuming. Additionally, as scripts grow, finding the cause of a failure can be like finding a needle in a haystack, leading to increased debugging time.

A bug that was previously fixed but reappears in later phases is typically assigned the status "Reopened." This indicates that the bug was once addressed but has resurfaced, requiring additional attention and potentially a more thorough fix.

Contract Acceptance Testing is performed to validate that the software developed aligns with the requirements specified in the contract between the client and the vendor. This ensures that client expectations and contractual obligations are met.

Manual Testing is primarily executed without the intervention of any testing tools. In manual testing, testers execute test cases without using any automation tools. They follow the test steps, input the defined set of data, and compare the actual results with the expected ones, relying solely on human efforts.

Network Transition testing focuses on verifying the app's performance and behavior when transitioning between different network conditions, such as moving from WiFi to 4G or experiencing signal drops. It ensures the app remains stable and functional during such changes.