HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) focuses specifically on the protection and confidential handling of health information in the United States. It regulates the use and disclosure of individuals' health information by healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses, among others.

Security awareness training often includes real-world simulations of attacks to test employees' reactions. These simulations help employees practice responding to security incidents and identifying potential threats.

Incremental Backups capture only the data that has changed since the last backup, whether it was a full backup or a previous incremental backup. This reduces the backup time and storage space needed.

Hashing provides data integrity by producing a fixed-size hash value (digest) based on the content of the data. If the data changes, the hash value will also change, making it easy to detect any tampering or corruption.

An expired SSL certificate will result in SSL errors, which can disrupt secure connections, leading to a loss of trust and potential security risks for the server's users.

This security measure is an example of "Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)." MFA requires users to provide two or more authentication factors (in this case, a password, a smart card, and a biometric scan) to gain access, making it more secure than single-factor authentication.

Role-based access control (RBAC) is a concept in which users are grouped based on their job roles, and permissions are assigned accordingly. This approach simplifies access control by granting or restricting access based on job responsibilities, ensuring that users only have access to resources essential for their roles, which enhances security and administrative efficiency.

Two-factor authentication (2FA) involves something the user physically possesses (like a smart card or token) and something they know (like a PIN or password). It provides an additional layer of security beyond just a password, making it more challenging for unauthorized users to gain access.

Multi-factor authentication typically involves two or more different forms of evidence (factors) for verifying a user's identity. These factors can include something the user knows (password), something the user has (smart card or mobile device), and something the user is (biometric data like fingerprints).

A mandatory access control (MAC) policy is a security policy that enforces access controls based on labels assigned to subjects (users) and objects (resources). The labels define the sensitivity and integrity of objects and the clearances of subjects. Access is granted or denied based on these labels.

Certificate Revocation List (CRL) is a vital component of certificate management. It is a list of certificates that have been revoked before their expiration date. It is used to verify whether a certificate is still valid and hasn't been compromised.

SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) is a technology that allows secure and efficient access to internal resources from anywhere while minimizing exposure to external threats. It's an ideal solution for a global organization.