How can you use Mockito to verify that a method was called a specific number of times?
- verifyMethod(atLeast(callCount))
- verifyMethod(atMost(callCount))
- verifyMethod(callCount)
- verifyMethod(times(callCount))
In Mockito, you can use verify along with times(callCount) to verify that a method was called a specific number of times. This is useful for testing the behavior of methods.
In what scenarios would you choose to implement a custom validator instead of using the standard Bean Validation annotations?
- When you need to perform complex validation logic that can't be expressed using standard annotations.
- When you need to validate simple data types like integers and strings.
- When you want to achieve better performance in your application.
- When you want to minimize the use of custom code in your application.
Custom validators are preferred when complex validation logic is required, which can't be achieved with standard Bean Validation annotations. While standard annotations are suitable for many cases, custom validators are necessary for scenarios where specific and intricate validation rules are needed. Custom validators may increase code complexity but allow for highly tailored validation logic.
In Spring, the _____ annotation is used to indicate that a method should be invoked after the bean has been constructed and injected.
- @PostConstruct
- @Autowired
- @BeanPostProcessor
- @Inject
In Spring, the @PostConstruct annotation is used to indicate that a method should be invoked after the bean has been constructed and injected. It is commonly used for initialization tasks that need to be performed after the bean's dependencies have been injected. The other options, such as @Autowired, @BeanPostProcessor, and @Inject, serve different purposes and are not used for the same scenario.
How can you create a custom query method in a Spring Data JPA repository?
- By defining a method with a specific naming convention.
- By using a native SQL query.
- By annotating a method with @Query and providing the JPQL query.
- By creating a new repository interface for custom queries.
In Spring Data JPA, you can create custom query methods by defining a method in your repository interface with a specific naming convention. Spring Data JPA generates the query based on the method name, eliminating the need to write explicit queries. The other options represent alternative ways to create custom queries but are not the typical approach in Spring Data JPA.
For web services communication, SOAP relies on _______ for message format validation.
- JSON
- REST
- WSDL
- XML Schema
SOAP uses XML Schema for message format validation, ensuring that the structure and content of messages conform to a predefined schema.
_______ in WSDL is used for defining abstract messages and their data structures.
In WSDL, the element is used for defining abstract messages and their data structures. It describes the data elements involved in a web service operation.
What is the primary language used for writing SOAP messages?
- CSS
- HTML
- JSON
- XML
The primary language used for writing SOAP messages is XML (eXtensible Markup Language). SOAP messages are encoded in XML format, providing a standardized way for communication between web services.
A web service needs to update its security protocols. Considering current best practices, which TLS version should it upgrade to?
- SSL 2.0
- SSL 3.0
- TLS 1.0
- TLS 1.3
Current best practices recommend upgrading to TLS 1.3 for improved security and cryptographic algorithms.
An effective way to mitigate XSS is to implement _______ encoding for user inputs.
- Base64
- HTML
- JavaScript
- URL
Implementing HTML encoding for user inputs is an effective way to mitigate Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks.
What is a primary advantage of using cloud-based web services?
- Graphic design capabilities
- Offline functionality
- Scalability
- Spreadsheet calculations
Cloud-based web services offer scalability, allowing applications to handle varying workloads efficiently.
For a service that provides access to third-party applications, what authorization mechanism would ensure secure and limited access?
- API Key Authorization
- OAuth 2.0
- Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
- SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language)
OAuth 2.0 is commonly used for authorization in scenarios where secure and limited access is required, especially for third-party applications.
How does AWS Lambda fundamentally change the way computing resources are used?
- Free tier with limited usage
- Hourly billing model
- Monthly subscription model
- Pay-per-execution model
AWS Lambda introduces a pay-per-execution model, allowing users to pay only for the compute time consumed by their functions.