A multivalued attribute in database modeling is an attribute that can have multiple values for each entity. This concept is used to represent situations where an entity can have multiple values for a specific attribute, without creating a separate entity for each value.

The NOT NULL constraint in a column definition specifies that the column must not contain NULL values. It enforces the presence of data in that column, ensuring that each record has a valid and meaningful value for that particular attribute.

In the context of entity relationships, cardinality signifies the number of instances of one entity that can be related to another entity. It helps define the nature and limits of the association between entities.

The ERD Designer feature in database design tools allows users to visually create Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs). ERDs are graphical representations of the entities and their relationships in a database schema. This feature helps in designing and understanding the relationships between different entities in the database.

A relationship where each occurrence in one entity may or may not have a corresponding occurrence in another entity is called a Binary relationship. It involves two entities and is a fundamental concept in data modeling.

In an ERD, a cardinality constraint of "1 to Many" indicates that each instance of one entity can be associated with multiple instances of another entity. This means that for each occurrence of the first entity, there can be multiple occurrences of the second entity.

The process of decomposing a relation into smaller relations that meet normalization requirements is known as decomposition. It involves breaking down a table into smaller, more manageable tables to achieve higher normal forms and improve data integrity.

Data Marts typically have larger data volumes compared to the broader-scoped Data Warehouses. However, Data Marts have narrower specificity, focusing on a subset of data relevant to a specific business unit or department. This allows for more targeted and efficient analysis.

The Authorization model is designed to prevent unauthorized users from accessing or modifying data in a database. It involves defining and managing user privileges and permissions to ensure that only authorized users can perform specific actions on the database.

In SQL, the keyword used for aggregating data in a SELECT statement is SUM. It is used to calculate the sum of values in a particular column, providing a way to aggregate data and obtain meaningful insights from the dataset.

MySQL Workbench facilitates database design by providing a graphical interface. Users can visually create and modify database structures, making it easier to understand and manage the database schema. It also includes tools for running SQL queries, but its primary strength lies in visual design.

Denormalization in conceptual schema design may improve read performance by reducing the need for joins, but it can impact write performance due to increased redundancy. It's a trade-off between read and write efficiency.