Scenario: A gaming company wants to track user scores and achievements across multiple platforms and devices. How would you design a Key-Value Store solution to handle this requirement, considering data consistency and performance?

  • Implementing eventual consistency for better performance
  • Storing each user's scores and achievements as separate keys
  • Using a relational database for consistent data handling
  • Utilizing a distributed file system
In designing a Key-Value Store solution for tracking scores and achievements, storing each user's scores and achievements as separate keys ensures efficient retrieval and update operations. It allows for quick access to specific user data without affecting the overall system performance.

The _______ model in NoSQL databases allows for different levels of consistency based on the specific requirements of an application.

  • ACID
  • BASE
  • CAP
  • PACELC
The BASE (Basically Available, Soft state, Eventually consistent) model in NoSQL databases allows for different levels of consistency based on the specific requirements of an application. It prioritizes availability and partition tolerance over strong consistency, making it suitable for distributed and scalable systems.

In a column-family store, how is data typically accessed?

  • Random access only
  • Through SQL queries
  • Using complex joins
  • Via primary key lookups
In a column-family store, data is typically accessed via primary key lookups. Each row in the column-family is identified by a unique primary key, and accessing data involves querying or retrieving based on this key. This allows for fast and efficient retrieval of specific data records.

How does version control help in collaboration among data modelers?

  • Automating data validation
  • Encrypting data models for security
  • Facilitating teamwork and tracking changes
  • Managing database backups
Version control facilitates collaboration among data modelers by providing a structured system for tracking changes. It enables team members to work on different aspects simultaneously, merge changes, and maintain a history of alterations, promoting efficient teamwork in data modeling projects.

What are some common challenges associated with designing and implementing Data Warehouses and Data Marts?

  • Allowing unlimited access to raw data
  • Ensuring data quality and consistency
  • Integrating data from diverse sources
  • Managing large volumes of data
Designing and implementing Data Warehouses and Data Marts come with challenges such as ensuring data quality, managing large data volumes, and integrating data from diverse sources. Allowing unlimited access to raw data is not advisable due to security and privacy concerns.

Which operation is used for summarization in SQL?

  • DELETE
  • INSERT
  • SELECT
  • UPDATE
The SELECT operation in SQL is used for summarization. It allows you to retrieve and present summarized information from the database. By using aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN, or COUNT in conjunction with the SELECT statement, you can perform summarization operations on the data stored in tables.

In an ERD, a _______ key is a unique identifier within an entity.

  • Candidate
  • Composite
  • Foreign
  • Primary
In an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD), a Primary key is a unique identifier within an entity. It uniquely identifies each record in the entity and is crucial for maintaining data integrity and relationships within the database.

What is referential integrity in a database system?

  • Enforces the use of indexes on all tables
  • Ensures that foreign key values match the primary key values in another table
  • Ensures that primary key values are unique
  • Validates the data types of columns
Referential integrity in a database system ensures that foreign key values in one table match the primary key values in another table. This constraint maintains the consistency and accuracy of relationships between tables, preventing orphaned or invalid foreign key references.

In Slowly Changing Dimensions (SCD), which technique is commonly used to maintain historical data in a dimension table?

  • Delete
  • Hybrid
  • Insert
  • Update
In Slowly Changing Dimensions (SCD), the Insert technique is commonly used to maintain historical data in a dimension table. With this technique, new records are inserted into the dimension table to represent changes, while existing records remain intact, preserving historical information.

Scenario: A social media platform stores user posts, comments, and interactions in its database. Users frequently search for posts by keyword, user ID, or time period. How would you implement indexing to facilitate efficient searching in this scenario?

  • Avoid indexing for simplicity in data retrieval
  • Create a composite index on user ID and timestamp columns
  • Implement a clustered index on the post content column
  • Use a full-text search index for keyword searches, and create non-clustered indexes on user ID and timestamp columns
In this scenario, utilizing a full-text search index for keyword searches and creating non-clustered indexes on user ID and timestamp columns would facilitate efficient searching. Full-text search indexes are suitable for textual searches, and non-clustered indexes provide quick access to specific columns.

How does data consistency differ between Key-Value Stores and traditional relational databases?

  • Key-Value Stores and relational databases have similar consistency models
  • Key-Value Stores offer stronger consistency guarantees compared to relational databases
  • Key-Value Stores often prioritize availability and partition tolerance over strong consistency
  • Key-Value Stores sacrifice availability for strong consistency
Data consistency differs between Key-Value Stores and traditional relational databases primarily because Key-Value Stores often prioritize availability and partition tolerance over strong consistency. This means that in distributed environments, Key-Value Stores may exhibit eventual consistency rather than immediate consistency.

A _______ key constraint ensures that values in a column or set of columns are unique across the entire table.

  • Composite
  • Foreign
  • Primary
  • Unique
A Unique key constraint in a relational database ensures that values in a column or a set of columns are unique across the entire table. This constraint is crucial for maintaining the uniqueness of data in a specific column or combination of columns.