What is the main objective of the Initiation phase in a project's lifecycle?
- Close the project
- Define project scope
- Develop detailed plans
- Execute the project
The main objective of the 'Initiation' phase in a project's lifecycle is to define the project scope and its purpose. During this phase, the project's feasibility is assessed, and initial plans are developed. It sets the project's direction.
In IT project management, the total of the approved time-phased project budget, including all authorized contingency reserves, is known as _______.
- Contingency Budget
- Cost Baseline
- Financial Snapshot
- Project Quota
The term you're looking for is 'Cost Baseline.' In IT project management, the cost baseline represents the approved budget for the project, including all authorized contingency reserves. It's a critical component for tracking and controlling the project's financial aspects.
Which of the following services typically falls under the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) category in cloud computing?
- Email Services
- Mobile Applications
- Social Media
- Virtual Machines
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in cloud computing provides virtualized computing resources. 'Virtual Machines' are a prime example of IaaS, allowing users to provision and manage virtual servers in the cloud.
In advanced network troubleshooting, which protocol is used to establish a two-way communication channel over a TCP connection for network management?
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
- SSH (Secure Shell)
In advanced network troubleshooting, 'SSH' (Secure Shell) is used to establish a secure two-way communication channel over a TCP connection. It's commonly used for network management, remote server access, and secure data transfer. SSH provides authentication and encryption.
The technique that helps in understanding the internal mechanisms of complex models in NLP by visualizing the importance of each word is called _______.
- Attention Visualization
- Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA)
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
- Word Embedding
The technique referred to in the question is 'Attention Visualization.' It's a method used to visualize the attention scores of each word in an NLP model, particularly in Transformer-based models like BERT. Understanding attention can reveal how models make predictions.
Within the realm of IT project management, which risk management strategy involves recognizing a potential risk but deciding not to take any action unless the risk occurs?
- Risk Acceptance
- Risk Avoidance
- Risk Mitigation
- Risk Transfer
'Risk Acceptance' is a risk management strategy in which the project team recognizes a potential risk but chooses not to take any proactive action unless the risk actually materializes. This approach is often used for risks with low impact or likelihood.
A multinational corporation must ensure that all its global branches adhere to data protection laws of each respective country while also maintaining a unified security posture. Which approach would be most effective in achieving this?
- Centralized Security
- Decentralized Security
- Hybrid Security
- Regional Security
To ensure compliance with different data protection laws globally while maintaining a unified security posture, 'Centralized Security' is the most effective approach. It allows for consistent security policies and controls across all branches.
Which cryptographic algorithm uses two keys: one public and one private?
- AES
- DES
- RSA
- SHA
The RSA algorithm uses a pair of keys - one public and one private. The public key is used for encryption, while the private key is used for decryption. It's widely used for secure data transmission and digital signatures.
You are tasked with creating a web application that will have high traffic with users all around the world. Which deployment approach might help distribute the load and deliver content faster to users?
- Agile Development
- Database Normalization
- Multi-Region Deployment
- Waterfall Model
Multi-Region Deployment involves deploying your application in multiple geographic regions. This approach helps distribute the load and deliver content faster to users by serving content from servers closer to the end-users, reducing latency and improving performance.
What is the primary purpose of recurrent neural networks (RNNs)?
- Dimensionality reduction
- Handling static data
- Image classification
- Modeling sequential data
RNNs are designed for 'modeling sequential data.' They are capable of processing data with temporal dependencies, making them suitable for tasks like natural language processing, speech recognition, and time series analysis. RNNs maintain a hidden state that carries information from previous time steps.
When an operating system spends much of its time paging, rather than executing application software, it is said to be in a state of _______.
- Booting
- Fragmentation
- Multitasking
- Thrashing
'Thrashing' occurs in an operating system when it spends a significant amount of time swapping data between RAM and secondary storage due to excessive paging. This can severely degrade system performance and is an undesirable state.
Malware that is designed to replicate itself and spread to other devices or systems is known as _______.
- Spyware
- Trojan Horse
- Virus
- Worm
Malware that replicates and spreads to other devices is termed a 'Worm.' Worms can self-replicate and propagate across networks, making them a specific type of malicious software.