The .NET SDK includes the .NET runtime, but it also contains development tools, libraries, and compilers required for developing .NET applications. In contrast, the .NET runtime is primarily used for running already developed .NET applications.

The "lockout" feature in ASP.NET Core Identity relates to locking user accounts after a certain number of failed login attempts. This is a security measure to protect against brute-force attacks and unauthorized access. When an account is locked, the user cannot log in until the lockout period expires or is manually reset by an administrator.

To customize authorization logic in ASP.NET Core, you can implement the IAuthorizationFilter interface. This interface allows you to create custom authorization logic that can be applied to controllers and actions. It gives you fine-grained control over how authorization is performed for specific requests.

To pass data from a controller to a view, you can use a Model object. Models are classes that define the data structure and properties you want to pass to the view. They enable strong typing and are a fundamental part of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture in ASP.NET Core.

In Razor forms, you can use the validation-for Razor tag helper to display validation messages for a specific property. This tag helper generates HTML markup that shows validation messages associated with a model property. It's a handy tool for providing feedback to users when form validation fails for a particular field.

Developers can use "Migrations" in Entity Framework Core to reconcile differences between the database schema and the data model. Migrations enable you to evolve the database schema over time while keeping it in sync with your application's data model.

You can override or bypass the [Authorize] attribute applied at the controller level for a specific action by using the [AllowAnonymous] attribute on that specific action. This attribute allows unauthenticated access to the action, even if the controller has a broader authorization policy.

The AntiForgeryToken in ASP.NET Core Razor views is primarily used to protect against Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks. It generates a hidden form field containing a token that is validated on the server when the form is submitted. This ensures that the form submission originates from a trusted source, preventing unauthorized actions.

To restrict access to specific departments, you can define an authorization policy that checks the user's department and apply it using the [Authorize] attribute. This allows you to control access at the action level based on the user's department affiliation.

In ASP.NET Core, environment-specific settings can be stored in JSON configuration files named appsettings.{EnvironmentName}.json. These files allow you to configure settings specific to different environments like development, production, or any custom environment you define.

In a route template in ASP.NET Core, you use curly braces {} to define a variable segment. This allows you to capture dynamic parts of a URL, such as IDs or names, and pass them as parameters to the corresponding action method.

The correct method is AddRouting. This method is used to add and configure the necessary middleware for routing in ASP.NET Core. It's a fundamental step in setting up routing for your web application.