How does adding files to .gitignore affect existing tracked files in Git?
- Tracked files are immediately untracked and removed from the repository.
- Tracked files remain, but changes to them are no longer tracked.
- Tracked files are ignored only for the current commit.
- Tracked files are deleted from the working directory, but not the repository.
When files are added to .gitignore, it only affects untracked files. Existing tracked files remain in the repository, and their changes are still tracked unless committed before the addition to .gitignore.
In the context of large-scale collaborative projects, what is a key advantage of using the Forking workflow over Gitflow?
- Better support for feature branching
- Simplicity and ease of use
- Enhanced collaboration and code review capabilities
- Strict control over the repository
The Forking workflow allows for a more decentralized and parallel development approach. Each contributor works in their own fork, making it easier to manage contributions and conduct code reviews before merging changes. This can be advantageous in large, distributed teams where collaboration is crucial.
Which Git feature is essential for managing large-scale projects in an enterprise environment?
- Git Submodules
- Git Hooks
- Git LFS (Large File Storage)
- Git Stash
Git LFS is crucial for managing large-scale projects in an enterprise environment. It allows efficient handling of large binary files by storing them outside the regular Git repository, preventing repository bloat and improving performance.
A developer is working on a feature that is based on an outdated main branch. What strategy should they use to update their branch with the latest changes from the main branch?
- git fetch origin main && git merge origin/main
- git pull origin main
- git rebase origin/main
- git branch update && git merge update
When working on an outdated branch, using git pull origin main is recommended. This fetches the latest changes and automatically merges them into the developer's branch. Using git fetch and git merge separately provides more control over the process. Options 1 and 3 are correct commands but combined in a way that might lead to unnecessary complications. Option 4 does not follow the typical Git workflow.
How does git stash pop differ from git stash apply?
- git stash pop removes the latest stash and applies it, while git stash apply leaves the stash in the stack.
- git stash pop and git stash apply are interchangeable; there is no difference between them.
- git stash pop is used for temporary stashing, while git stash apply is for permanent stashing.
- git stash pop is for applying stashes in a specific order, while git stash apply applies the most recent stash.
In-depth git stash pop is a combination of git stash apply and git stash drop, which removes the stash from the stack after applying it.
What advanced technique can be used in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history?
- Git rebase
- Git merge
- Git cherry-pick
- Git reset
The advanced technique in Git to combine multiple commit histories into a single unified history is 'Git rebase.' It allows you to reapply commits on top of another branch, resulting in a cleaner and more linear commit history. This can be useful in creating a streamlined and comprehensible project history.
A large enterprise is migrating to Git. They are concerned about preserving their extensive development history. Which Git feature should they focus on?
- Git Tags
- Git Stash
- Git Reflog
- Git Submodules
The Git Reflog is a crucial feature that allows the enterprise to track changes and easily recover any lost commits during the migration process. It maintains a log of all committed changes, providing a safety net for preserving development history.
What is a common strategy for managing releases in the Gitflow model?
- Creating a hotfix branch directly from the main branch to address critical issues in the released version.
- Merging all feature branches into the main branch and tagging the commit for release.
- Creating a separate branch for each feature, bug fix, and release, maintaining a stable main branch.
- Skipping the release branch and merging feature branches directly into production.
In Gitflow, a release branch is created to prepare for a new release. It involves bug fixes, documentation updates, and version number increments. Once ready, it's merged into both the main and develop branches.
A team working on a project hosted on GitHub wants to ensure code style consistency. Which feature should they implement?
- Git Hooks
- Git Submodules
- Git LFS
- Git Tags
To ensure code style consistency in a project hosted on GitHub, the team should implement Git Hooks. Git Hooks allow developers to run custom scripts before or after certain Git events, enabling them to enforce coding standards and other practices.
When merging branches, which Git command is used to create a new commit that represents the combined changes?
- git push
- git commit
- git merge
- git branch
The correct command for merging branches and creating a new commit is git merge. This command combines the changes from different branches into the current branch, resulting in a new commit that represents the merged state.
In migrating a large codebase to Git, what factors influence the choice of using a monorepo versus multiple smaller repositories?
- Easier management of dependencies in a monorepo compared to smaller repositories.
- Facilitates better code isolation and release management in smaller repositories.
- Monorepo is always preferred for large codebases, irrespective of other factors.
- Multiple smaller repositories lead to improved build and deployment processes.
Choosing Between Monorepo and Multiple Repositories in Git
What are the challenges of using Git in conjunction with build automation tools?
- Managing dependencies and ensuring consistent builds.
- Difficulty in integrating Git with Continuous Integration (CI) systems.
- Limited support for parallel builds.
- Inability to version control build artifacts.
Challenges of using Git with build automation tools include managing dependencies and ensuring consistent builds. Versioning build artifacts and integrating with CI systems can also pose difficulties.