The correct option is commit --amend. This command allows you to modify the last commit's message. It's useful when you need to make small changes or corrections to the commit message before pushing it to the remote repository.

Git branching is particularly useful for managing different releases in open source projects. Each branch can represent a different version or release, allowing for parallel development and easy maintenance of multiple code bases.

In complex workflows, pull requests are often utilized to merge changes from feature branches to development branches before reaching the main branch. This helps in organizing and reviewing changes before integration.

Git LFS is essential for managing large files in enterprise projects. It optimizes performance by efficiently handling and storing large assets, preventing them from slowing down the repository.

The DevOps team should adopt the strategy of using feature branches. Feature branches allow developers to work on new features or fixes independently in isolation. This helps in smooth transitions across different environments by merging the feature branch into each environment as needed. It also facilitates tracking changes related to specific features.

Git's branching feature is beneficial in Agile development because it enables quick pivots. Developers can create branches to experiment with new ideas without affecting the main codebase, facilitating flexibility and experimentation.

Git Subtree allows you to insert an independent Git repository into a subdirectory of another Git repository, whereas Git Submodules maintain a connection to a specific commit in the external repository. Subtree includes the external repository's code directly, while Submodule references it as a separate project.

Git Pull Requests facilitate collaboration in a CI/CD pipeline by allowing team members to propose changes, discuss them, and then merge them into the main codebase. This process ensures a controlled and collaborative integration of new features or bug fixes.

Release tags in Git are commonly used to mark specific commits as stable release points. This makes it easier to reference and deploy specific versions of the code.

The Hotfix Branch in the Gitflow model is designed for urgent bug fixes in the production environment. This branch allows the team to address critical issues quickly without disrupting the regular development workflow.

In a centralized workflow, all developers work on a single branch, leading to limited parallel development. This can result in bottlenecks, especially in large, distributed teams where collaboration across different locations is essential.

The git log command in Git allows you to view the commit history of a repository. It displays a list of all commits, including their unique identifiers, authors, timestamps, and commit messages.