Describe how you would optimize the performance of a Go application that is I/O bound.

To optimize the performance of an I/O-bound Go application, you should leverage Goroutines. Goroutines enable concurrent execution, allowing your program to efficiently handle I/O operations without blocking. By running I/O operations concurrently, you can overlap the waiting time for one operation with the execution of others, significantly improving throughput. This approach is well-suited for handling tasks like making multiple network requests, reading/writing files, or querying databases.