In a multi-level inheritance scenario where multiple C++ classes are sharing methods and data, how might encapsulation and abstraction principles be applied to ensure data integrity and reduce complexity? 

  • Allow every class to modify the data of its base classes directly. 
  • Avoid using encapsulation and abstraction altogether. 
  • Use friend functions extensively for data access. 
  • Properly encapsulate data at each level and provide abstract interfaces for interactions.
In multi-level inheritance, it's essential to maintain data integrity and manage complexity. This is achieved by encapsulating data at every inheritance level, ensuring that each class exposes only what's necessary to its derived classes. Abstract interfaces further help in defining clear boundaries and interactions between classes.
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