Scenario: You're tasked with designing a highly available system for a critical application. How would you approach the architecture to ensure minimal downtime and optimal performance?

Implementing redundant components and failover mechanisms helps ensure minimal downtime by providing backup systems that can take over in case of failure. This approach enhances system availability and reliability, crucial for critical applications where downtime is unacceptable. Using a single server or prioritizing cost-effectiveness can increase the risk of downtime and compromise performance. Scaling up the infrastructure may address increased load but may not adequately mitigate downtime risks.