For advanced data manipulation and performance tuning in a multi-layered architecture, Entity Framework can utilize ________ stored procedures.

Entity Framework enables developers to leverage User-Defined stored procedures for advanced data manipulation and performance tuning in a multi-layered architecture. By utilizing User-Defined stored procedures, developers can execute custom SQL code directly against the database, providing greater flexibility and control over data operations. This approach can enhance performance by offloading complex processing tasks to the database server and reducing network latency.