How does the use of synchronized methods or blocks affect the performance of a Java application and why?

  • It has no impact on performance.
  • It improves performance by speeding up method execution.
  • It may degrade performance due to thread contention.
  • It only affects memory management.
Synchronized methods or blocks can lead to performance degradation because they introduce thread contention. When multiple threads try to access synchronized code, they may block, waiting for access, which can lead to slowdowns. While synchronization is necessary for thread safety, it should be used judiciously, especially in high-throughput scenarios, to avoid excessive contention and performance issues.
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