What is the role of middleware in an HTTP server application, and how is it implemented in Go?

Middleware in an HTTP server application intercepts and modifies incoming requests or outgoing responses before they reach the main handler. In Go, middleware is implemented using middleware functions that wrap the main handler. These functions have access to the request and response objects, allowing them to perform additional processing such as authentication, logging, or request modification. By chaining middleware functions together, developers can create a pipeline through which each request passes before reaching the final handler, enabling modular and reusable server-side logic.