How does resource leveling differ from resource smoothing in project management?

Resource leveling and resource smoothing are both techniques used in project management to address resource allocation challenges, but they differ in their approaches and objectives. Resource leveling aims to eliminate peaks and troughs in resource usage by adjusting project schedules to balance resource demand and supply. This ensures that resources are utilized efficiently and that project activities proceed smoothly without resource shortages or overloads. On the other hand, resource smoothing focuses on maintaining a consistent resource utilization rate by adjusting the timing of project activities within the constraints of project deadlines and resource availability. By understanding the distinctions between resource leveling and resource smoothing, project managers can choose the appropriate technique to optimize resource allocation and manage project constraints effectively.