What is dynamic programming, and in what scenarios is it commonly used?
- A method for solving complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems.
- A strategy for optimizing code execution by precomputing results.
- A technique for compiling code dynamically at runtime.
- A way to allocate memory dynamically during program execution.
Dynamic programming is a method for solving complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems. It's commonly used in scenarios where the problem can be divided into overlapping subproblems, such as optimization, mathematical problems, and combinatorial optimization. By storing the results of these subproblems, dynamic programming avoids redundant computations, making it efficient for problems like the knapsack problem, shortest path problems, and the Fibonacci sequence calculation.
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