What does denormalization involve in relational schema design?

  • Applying normalization to eliminate duplicates
  • Ensuring data consistency through constraints
  • Introducing redundancy for performance optimization
  • Reducing redundancy and improving efficiency
Denormalization in relational schema design involves intentionally introducing redundancy for performance optimization. This technique is employed to simplify queries and enhance read performance, especially in scenarios where read operations significantly outnumber write operations.
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