How does the number of imputations affect the accuracy of multiple imputation?

  • More imputations, less accuracy
  • More imputations, more accuracy
  • Number of imputations doesn't affect accuracy
  • Only one imputation is needed for full accuracy
The number of imputations directly affects the accuracy of multiple imputation. More imputations result in more accurate estimates, up to a point. Although the exact number depends on the proportion and nature of the missing data, often 20 to 100 imputations are recommended in the literature.
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