How does the missing data mechanism affect the effectiveness of multiple imputation?
- Affects only if data is missing at random
- Affects only if data is not missing at random
- Doesn't affect
- Significantly affects
The missing data mechanism significantly affects the effectiveness of multiple imputation. If data is missing completely at random (MCAR), any method would give unbiased results, but if data is not missing at random (NMAR), the results might be biased even with multiple imputation. The effectiveness also depends on how accurately the imputation model reflects the data process.
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