What is the principle of inclusion and exclusion in probability theory?

  • It is used to calculate the conditional probability of an event
  • It is used to calculate the probability of the intersection of events
  • It is used to calculate the probability of the union of events
  • It is used to prove the independence of events
The principle of inclusion and exclusion is a counting principle used to calculate the probability of the union of multiple events. It's based on the idea that the union's probability should add the individual probabilities and subtract the probabilities of intersections to avoid double-counting.
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