How does the load factor affect the performance of a hash table?

Higher load factor leads to better performance.
It has no impact on performance.
Load factor has a linear relationship with performance.
Lower load factor leads to better performance.

The load factor is the ratio of the number of elements to the size of the hash table. A lower load factor (more space available) generally leads to better performance, as it reduces the likelihood of collisions and maintains a more efficient search time.

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