Explain how the Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) algorithm avoids unnecessary character comparisons during the search process.

  • Compares characters only at prime indices of the pattern.
  • Employs dynamic programming to optimize character comparisons.
  • Skips sections of the pattern based on a prefix-suffix matching table.
  • Utilizes a rolling hash function for efficient comparisons.
The KMP algorithm avoids unnecessary character comparisons by utilizing a prefix-suffix matching table. This table helps determine the length of the longest proper prefix that is also a suffix at each position in the pattern. By skipping sections of the pattern based on this information, the algorithm optimizes the search process.
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