Your company's website stores sensitive customer data. What measures would you implement to ensure its security?
- All of the above
- Implement HTTPS with SSL/TLS
- Regularly update and patch software
- Store sensitive data encrypted
Ensuring the security of sensitive customer data involves multiple measures. HTTPS with SSL/TLS secures data in transit, regular software updates patch vulnerabilities, and storing sensitive data encrypted protects it even if there's unauthorized access.
What is a deadlock in the context of concurrency control?
- A state where a database is locked for maintenance
- A state where a transaction is unable to acquire the necessary locks to proceed
- A state where transactions are executed in parallel without conflicts
- A state where two or more transactions are waiting indefinitely for each other to release locks
A deadlock occurs when two or more transactions are waiting indefinitely for each other to release locks, leading to a situation where none of the transactions can proceed. Deadlocks must be resolved to allow the system to continue processing transactions.
In Git, a "conflict" occurs when the changes in two branches are _______.
- Identical
- Incompatible
- Independent
- Synchronized
In Git, a "conflict" occurs when the changes in two branches are Incompatible. This happens when Git can't automatically merge changes due to conflicting modifications in the same lines of code. Resolving conflicts is necessary before completing the merge or rebase.
What does ACID stand for in the context of database transactions?
- Access, Control, Identification, Deletion
- Aggregation, Composition, Inheritance, Duplication
- Association, Collaboration, Integration, Deployment
- Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. These properties ensure the reliability and integrity of database transactions. Atomicity ensures that a transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after the transaction. Isolation prevents interference between concurrent transactions, and Durability ensures that the changes made by a committed transaction are permanent.
The term NoSQL refers to non-_______ databases.
- Relational
- SQL
- Structured
- Tabular
The term NoSQL refers to non-SQL databases. NoSQL databases are designed to handle unstructured or semi-structured data and provide flexibility in data storage and retrieval.
Resolving a merge conflict in Git often involves editing the conflicted files to reconcile the _______ changes made in different branches.
- Conflicting
- Mismatched
- Similar
- Unrelated
Resolving a merge conflict in Git requires reconciling the conflicting changes made in different branches. Developers need to edit the files to harmonize the modifications and create a unified version.
What status code is returned by a RESTful API to indicate a successful request?
- 200 OK
- 201 Created
- 404 Not Found
- 500 Internal Server Error
The status code returned by a RESTful API to indicate a successful request is 200 OK. This status code indicates that the request was successful, and the server has fulfilled the client's request.
A company needs to handle large volumes of semi-structured data. Which type of database would you recommend, and why?
- Both SQL and NoSQL
- It depends on the specific requirements
- NoSQL
- SQL
When dealing with large volumes of semi-structured data, a NoSQL database is recommended. NoSQL databases can handle flexible schema designs, making them suitable for semi-structured data like JSON or XML.
Your company's database is experiencing slow query performance during peak usage hours. How would you troubleshoot and optimize the queries to maintain optimal performance levels?
- Analyze query logs and execution times, Identify and resolve blocking queries, Optimize database indexes, Consider query caching
- Backup and restore the entire database, Optimize only the most frequently used queries, Ignore query logs, Add more indexes without analysis
- Disable query caching, Increase server memory, Use NoSQL instead of SQL, Optimize the network configuration
- Reboot the database server, Purge all old records, Increase the database security, Change the database schema
Troubleshooting slow query performance involves analyzing query logs, execution times, and identifying/resolving blocking queries. Optimizing indexes and considering query caching are effective strategies to maintain optimal performance during peak hours.
What is the key difference between hot and cold backups in backup strategies?
- Cold backups are less reliable
- Cold backups require the system to be offline
- Hot backups are slower than cold backups
- Hot backups are taken while the system is running
The key difference between hot and cold backups lies in the system's operational state during the backup process. Hot backups are taken while the system is running, ensuring continuous availability, while cold backups require the system to be offline, providing a consistent state but causing downtime.