You are implementing a caching mechanism. You need a data structure that removes the least recently added item when the size limit is reached. Which built-in Python data structure would you use?
- List
- OrderedDict
- Queue
- Set
An OrderedDict (Ordered Dictionary) is a built-in Python data structure that maintains the order of elements based on their insertion time. It can be used to implement a caching mechanism where the least recently added item can be removed when the size limit is reached.
You are designing a RESTful API for an e-commerce platform. How would you structure the API endpoints to handle CRUD operations for products?
- a) /api/products/create, /api/products/read, /api/products/update, /api/products/delete
- b) /api/createProduct, /api/readProduct, /api/updateProduct, /api/deleteProduct
- c) /api/products POST, GET, PUT, DELETE
- d) /api/products, POST, GET, PUT, DELETE
In a RESTful API, CRUD operations are typically represented by HTTP methods. Option (c) follows REST conventions with POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE HTTP methods for creating, reading, updating, and deleting products.
You are designing an algorithm to match the opening and closing parentheses in an expression. Which data structure would be suitable for this purpose?
- Array
- Linked List
- Queue
- Stack
A stack is a suitable data structure for matching opening and closing parentheses in an expression. As you encounter opening parentheses, you push them onto the stack, and when you encounter a closing parenthesis, you pop from the stack, ensuring that they match. This approach helps maintain the order of parentheses and is well-suited for this purpose.
You are developing a Django application with a focus on high performance. How would you optimize database queries in views to reduce the load time?
- Implement pagination for large query results
- Increase the number of database queries for more accurate data
- Use Django's built-in caching system
- Use synchronous database calls to ensure real-time data
To optimize database queries and reduce load time, you can utilize Django's built-in caching system. Caching stores frequently used data in memory, reducing the need to repeatedly query the database.
You are developing a Python application and suspect a memory leak. Which tool or technique would you use to identify and analyze the memory consumption?
- a) Manual code review
- b) Python debugger (pdb)
- c) Memory profiling tools
- d) Code optimization
To identify and analyze memory consumption and potential memory leaks, you would use memory profiling tools. These tools, such as memory_profiler or Pyflame, help you monitor memory usage during program execution, making it easier to pinpoint memory leaks. Manual code review and code optimization are not specific to memory leak detection. The Python debugger (pdb) is primarily for debugging code logic, not memory issues.
You are developing a Python application where a certain function’s output is dependent on expensive computation. How would you use decorators to optimize this scenario?
- Create a decorator function that caches the function's output using a dictionary.
- Create a decorator function that logs function arguments and return values.
- Create a decorator function that raises an exception if the function takes too long to execute.
- Create a decorator function that replaces the function with a faster implementation.
To optimize a function with expensive computation, you can use a decorator that caches the function's output, preventing redundant computations. This is known as memoization and is commonly used for optimization.
You are developing a Python program and need to debug a function in a module. Which Python tool would you use to step through the code and inspect the values of variables?
- a) print statements
- b) PyCharm
- c) pdb (Python Debugger)
- d) Python Profiler
To step through code, inspect variables, and debug Python programs, you would use the pdb module, which stands for Python Debugger. It allows you to set breakpoints, step into functions, and examine the state of your program during execution.
You are developing a RESTful API and need to ensure that sensitive user data is secure during transit. Which approach would you use to secure data transmission?
- a) Encoding data as plain text
- b) Using HTTPS (SSL/TLS)
- c) Encrypting data with a custom algorithm
- d) Adding authentication tokens to requests
The most secure approach for securing data in transit in a RESTful API is to use HTTPS (SSL/TLS). It encrypts the data between the client and server, providing confidentiality and integrity.
You are developing a system where you have multiple classes, and you want to ensure that a particular set of methods is available in all these classes. How would you ensure this?
- Inherit a base class with the common methods
- Use composition and create a separate class for the common methods
- Use global functions for the common methods
- Use interfaces to define the required methods
In JavaScript, you can't directly inherit from classes, but you can use interfaces to ensure a set of methods is available in implementing classes. Interfaces define method signatures that must be implemented by the classes that use them.
You are developing a system where you have multiple classes, and you want to ensure that a particular set of methods is available in all these classes. How would you ensure this?
- Use Composition
- Use Encapsulation
- Use Inheritance
- Use Polymorphism
To ensure that a particular set of methods is available in multiple classes, you would use Inheritance. Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class, making it possible to create a base class with common methods that are shared by multiple derived classes.