Which CSS pseudo-class would allow you to target only the last list item in an unordered list?
- :last-child
- :last-item
- :nth-last-child
- :only-child
To target the last list item in an unordered list, you should use the :last-child pseudo-class. This will select the last child element of its parent, which in this case is the last list item in the unordered list.
What is the difference between the em and rem units when setting font size in CSS?
- em and rem are identical; there's no difference between them.
- em is a fixed unit equivalent to 16px, while rem is relative to the parent element.
- em is a unit of measurement for page width, while rem is for font size.
- em is relative to the font-size of the element itself, while rem is relative to the font-size of the root element (html).
The em unit is relative to the font-size of the element itself, while the rem unit is relative to the font-size of the root element (html). This means that em units can compound if used within nested elements, whereas rem units remain consistent throughout. Understanding this difference is crucial for responsive design.
You're working on a project where you need to ensure that your CSS code is compatible with the last two versions of all major browsers. Which tool would be best suited for this requirement?
- Autoprefixer
- CSS Lint
- SASS
- CSS Grid
For ensuring compatibility with the last two versions of major browsers, Autoprefixer is the ideal tool. It automatically adds vendor prefixes to your CSS code, ensuring that your styles work in various browsers. This is essential for maintaining cross-browser compatibility.
PostCSS allows developers to use tomorrow's CSS syntax by transforming it into ________.
- CSS
- JavaScript
- Machine Code
- SVG
PostCSS is a tool used to process CSS and extend it with new features. It allows developers to use future CSS syntax by transforming it into standard CSS. In this context, the answer is "CSS."
How does the SMACSS methodology recommend handling states, like "is-active" or "is-hidden"?
- Apply these states as classes in the HTML
- Avoid handling states in SMACSS
- Use JavaScript to toggle these states
- Utilize pseudo-elements like :active or :hidden
In the SMACSS (Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS) methodology, states like "is-active" or "is-hidden" are typically handled by applying them as classes directly in the HTML markup. This allows for clear separation of styling and behavior, making the code more maintainable and modular.
Which property in CSS determines the space outside an element?
- Border
- Content
- Margin
- Padding
In CSS, the 'margin' property is used to determine the space outside an element. It creates spacing around the element, separating it from other elements in the layout.
When an element's property is set to initial, it will use the ________.
- Current value
- Default value
- Inherited value
- Parent element's value
Setting an element's property to 'initial' means it will use the default value for that property as defined by the CSS specification. This effectively resets the property to its default state.
Which of the following properties, when animated, would cause a "repaint" but not "reflow" in most browsers?
- color
- margin
- position
- width
When animated, changing the color property of an element typically causes a "repaint" (updating the pixels on the screen) but not a "reflow" (changing the layout of elements on the page). This is because changing the color doesn't affect the size or position of the element, but it does require repainting.
When using a mixin, you apply it to your styles with the ________ directive.
- @apply
- @extend
- @mixin
- @use
Mixins in SCSS are applied to your styles using the @include directive. This allows you to include the styles defined in the mixin within your CSS rules.
Which CSS property is used to vertically align inline elements or inline-block elements?
- margin
- padding
- text-align
- vertical-align
The CSS property used to vertically align inline elements or inline-block elements is vertical-align. It allows you to control how the element aligns in relation to the surrounding content or other inline elements. It's commonly used for aligning elements such as images and text within a line of text.