AngularJS handles data binding within expressions through two-way data binding. Two-way data binding enables automatic synchronization of the model and view, allowing changes in one to instantly reflect in the other and vice versa. This feature simplifies the development process by reducing the need for manual updates and enhancing the responsiveness of AngularJS applications. Understanding how two-way data binding works is crucial for efficient data management in AngularJS.

The Routing feature in AngularJS allows for dynamic loading and rendering of views based on application state. AngularJS provides a powerful routing mechanism that enables developers to define routes, associate them with templates and controllers, and navigate between different views. Proper usage of routing enhances the structure and navigation flow of AngularJS applications, making it a fundamental concept for building single-page applications (SPAs).

In advanced AngularJS applications, "controller-as" syntax is used for controller aliasing to enhance readability. It allows you to avoid scope-related issues and makes it clear which controller is associated with a particular section of the view. The "controller-as" syntax is considered a best practice for maintaining clean and readable code in AngularJS.

A root $scope in AngularJS is global and is typically associated with the entire application. It can be accessed by all controllers and directives. On the other hand, a child $scope is local to a specific controller and inherits from the root $scope. Changes made to the child $scope do not affect the root $scope. Understanding the distinction between root and child scopes is important for managing data scope in AngularJS applications.

AngularJS updates the view automatically when the model data changes in the controller through Data Binding. Data Binding establishes a connection between the model and the view, allowing AngularJS to detect changes in the model and update the corresponding parts of the view without manual intervention. This automatic synchronization enhances the efficiency and responsiveness of AngularJS applications, making it easier to maintain and manage the user interface.

The process of providing the dependencies of a module is known as Dependency Injection in AngularJS. Dependency Injection is a design pattern in which components receive their dependencies from an external source rather than creating them internally. In AngularJS, this pattern is used to inject services, controllers, and other dependencies into different components of the application, promoting reusability and testability. Understanding Dependency Injection is fundamental for building maintainable and scalable AngularJS applications.

To optimize performance in AngularJS, developers often use "Controller As" syntax to limit scope inheritance. This technique involves aliasing the controller in the view, allowing for more precise control over the scope and preventing unintentional scope pollution. By explicitly specifying the controller alias, developers can enhance code readability and minimize potential performance bottlenecks associated with scope inheritance.

AngularJS handles module dependencies through Dependency Injection. It is a design pattern where components declare their dependencies, and a container (in this case, AngularJS) provides those dependencies when creating an instance of the component. Dependency Injection promotes modularity, reusability, and testability in AngularJS applications. Understanding how modules and their dependencies work is fundamental for building scalable and maintainable applications.

The $scope object in AngularJS contributes to the two-way data binding mechanism by facilitating communication between the Controller and the View. It serves as a bridge, allowing changes in the View to automatically update the Model and vice versa. Understanding the role of $scope is crucial for building dynamic and responsive applications with bidirectional data binding in AngularJS.

Improper use of dependency injection in AngularJS, such as injecting unnecessary dependencies into components, can lead to performance issues. This can result in increased memory consumption and slower application performance. It's essential to understand the appropriate use of dependency injection to optimize performance in AngularJS applications.