Which of the following is a primary use case for stubbing in tests?
- Capturing and verifying function calls
- Simulating the behavior of a function or method
- Mocking external dependencies
- Generating random test data
Stubbing in tests is often used to simulate the behavior of a function or method, allowing you to control its responses for testing purposes. It's especially useful when you want to isolate the code under test and ensure that certain functions return specific values or execute specific code paths.
How can you ensure the security of file uploads in a web application?
- Use an unauthenticated endpoint
- Limit file size
- Disallow specific file types
- Perform server-side validation
To ensure the security of file uploads in a web application, it's crucial to perform server-side validation. This includes checking the file's content type, verifying its size, and possibly scanning it for malware. Other important security measures include limiting file sizes to prevent denial-of-service attacks and disallowing specific file types to prevent the upload of potentially harmful files. Using an unauthenticated endpoint is not recommended as it could lead to security vulnerabilities.
In JavaScript, altering an object’s prototype at runtime can lead to ______ performance impacts.
- Positive
- Negative
- No
- Minimal
In JavaScript, altering an object's prototype at runtime can lead to "Negative" performance impacts. Modifying prototypes at runtime can cause performance bottlenecks, as it can affect the behavior of all objects that share the same prototype. It's generally recommended to avoid such runtime modifications for performance reasons.
What is the difference between the == and === operators in JavaScript?
- == compares values for equality, === compares values and types for equality
- == compares values and types for equality, === compares values for equality
- == is used for assignment, === is used for comparison
- == performs a deep comparison, === performs a shallow comparison
In JavaScript, == (loose equality) compares values for equality but performs type coercion if the operands have different types. === (strict equality) compares both values and types for equality without type coercion. Option 1 correctly describes this important distinction.
How does ESLint's --fix option handle issues that it can't automatically fix?
- ESLint raises an error and stops
- It logs the issues without attempting to fix them
- It automatically disables the rule causing the issue
- It leaves the issues as is
When ESLint's --fix option encounters issues it can't automatically fix, it will disable the rule causing the issue to prevent further errors. This allows ESLint to continue running and fix as many issues as possible without breaking. The other options do not accurately describe how --fix behaves.
How can you ensure that your project’s dependencies are secure and up-to-date?
- Ignore dependency updates to maintain stability.
- Regularly review and update dependencies using a tool like npm audit or yarn audit.
- Rely on the package maintainers to keep dependencies secure.
- Never update dependencies to avoid breaking changes.
To ensure that your project's dependencies are secure and up-to-date, you should regularly review and update them using tools like npm audit or yarn audit. These tools help identify and address security vulnerabilities. Ignoring updates may lead to security risks, and relying solely on package maintainers is not a recommended practice. Avoiding updates altogether is not a solution as it can lead to outdated and potentially insecure dependencies.
In Pug, to extend a layout, you use the extends keyword and to fill a block within the layout, you use the ______ keyword.
- include
- fill
- block
- insert
In Pug, the extends keyword is used to extend a layout, and the block keyword is used to fill a block within the layout. This allows you to create modular and reusable templates. The other options do not serve the same purpose in Pug.
How does JavaScript's dynamic typing affect variable assignments and operations?
- It enforces strict type checking.
- It allows variables to change type during runtime.
- It requires explicit type annotations for all variables.
- It prevents type errors at compile time.
JavaScript's dynamic typing allows variables to change their data type during runtime. Unlike languages with static typing, you don't need to specify the data type of a variable explicitly.
How can you remove a listener from an event using the Events module in Node.js?
- event.removeListener(event, listener)
- event.remove(listener)
- event.off(event, listener)
- listener.remove(event)
To remove a listener from an event using the Events module in Node.js, you should use the event.removeListener(event, listener) method. This method takes the event name and the listener function as arguments and removes the specified listener from the event. The other options are not valid methods for removing listeners.
When the Event Loop encounters an asynchronous task, it offloads it to the ________ and continues to execute subsequent tasks.
- Callback Queue
- Worker Thread
- Event Emitter
- Main Memory
When the Event Loop encounters an asynchronous task, it offloads it to the Callback Queue and continues to execute subsequent tasks. These tasks are then processed from the Callback Queue when the main thread is available.